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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-2-109-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1001</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новый метод лечения амблиопии у детей с неустойчивой центральной и нецентральной фиксацией с помощью биологической обратной связи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A new method of amblyopia treatment in children with unstable central and eccentric fixation using biofeedback</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарутта</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarutta</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Петровна Тарутта, д-р мед. наук, профессор, начальник отдела</p><p>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ГБ им. Гельмгольца»</p><p>отдел патологии рефракции бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики</p><p>105062</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena P. Tarutta, Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, head of the department</p><p>department of refraction pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics</p><p>105062</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хубиева</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khubieva</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Регина Расуловна Хубиева, аспирантка</p><p>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ГБ им. Гельмгольца»</p><p>отдел патологии рефракции бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики</p><p>105062</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Regina R. Khubieva, PhD</p><p>department of refraction pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics</p><p>105062</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">reginahubieva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милаш</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milash</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Викторович Милаш, канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ГБ им. Гельмгольца»</p><p>отдел патологии рефракции бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики</p><p>105062</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Milash, Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher</p><p>department of refraction pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics</p><p>105062</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апаев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Apaev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Вячеславович Апаев, научный сотрудник</p><p>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ГБ им. Гельмгольца»</p><p>отдел патологии рефракции бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики</p><p>105062</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Apaev, researcher</p><p>department of refraction pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics</p><p>105062</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аклаева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aklaeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наиля Анваровна Аклаева, канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ГБ им. Гельмгольца»</p><p>отдел патологии рефракции бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики</p><p>105062</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nailya A. Aklaeva, Cand. of Med. Sci., senior researcher</p><p>department of refraction pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics</p><p>105062</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зольникова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolnikova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инна Владимировна Зольникова, д-р мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ГБ им. Гельмгольца»</p><p>отдел клинической физиологии зрения им. С. В. Кравкова</p><p>105062</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna V. Zolnikova, Dr. of Med. Sci., senior researcher</p><p>department of clinical physiology of vision named after S. V. Kravkov</p><p>105062</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Минздрав России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тарутта Е.П., Хубиева Р.Р., Милаш С.В., Апаев А.В., Аклаева Н.А., Зольникова И.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарутта Е.П., Хубиева Р.Р., Милаш С.В., Апаев А.В., Аклаева Н.А., Зольникова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tarutta E.P., Khubieva R.R., Milash S.V., Apaev A.V., Aklaeva N.A., Zolnikova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1001">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1001</self-uri><abstract><p>   Цель  работы — разработка нового метода лечения амблиопии у детей с неустойчивой центральной и нецентральной фиксацией путем централизации зрительной фиксации и повышения светочувствительности сетчатки в макулярной области с помощью биологической обратной связи (БОС).  </p><sec><title>   Материал и методы</title><p>   Материал и методы.  В исследование включены 27 пациентов (27 глаз) с амб­лиопией различного генеза в возрасте от 5 до 17лет (в среднем 9,15 ± 3,19 года), способных выполнять тренировочные сессии на микропериметре MP-3 Nidek (Япония). Кроме стандартного обследования, пациентам проводили оценку бинокулярного ста­туса с помощью четырехточечного теста, макулярную электроретинографию, микропериметрию, оптическую когерентную томографию (ОКТ). Лечение на приборе микропериметр с помощью зрительной (мерцающий шахматный паттерн) и звуковой (звуковой сигнал) БОС включало 10—15 сеансов по 10—12мин. Всех пациентов обследовали до лечения, сразу после его окончания, а также через 1 и 3 мес после него.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Предварительные результаты показали повышение максимально корригирован­ной остроты зрения (МКОЗ) с 0,41 ± 0,24 до 0,68 ± 0,27(33,9 %), светочувствительности сетчатки в фовеа — с 27,07 ± 3,90 до 29,8 ± 3,3 дБ (10 %), плотности фиксации в центральной области — с 59,80 ± 31,08 до 72,05 ± 34,50 % (20,4 %) со снижением ее амплитуды более чем в 2 раза. Неустойчивая центральная фиксация после лечения сменилась устойчивой центральной во всех случаях. При нецентральной фиксации приближение точки фиксации к центральной области и улучшение характеристик фиксации получены в 75 % случаев. Достигнутые результаты сохранялись в срок наблюдения до 3 мес.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение.  Разработан эффективный и безопасный метод лечения амблиопии с нарушением фиксации различной степени, который можно использовать у пациентов детского возраста.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Purpose</title><p>   Purpose.  To develop a new method of amblyopia treatment in children with unstable central and eccentric fixation by centralizing visual fixation and increasing retinal photosensitivity in the macular region using biofeedback.</p></sec><sec><title>   Material and methods</title><p>   Material and methods.  The study included 27 patients (27 eyes) with amblyopia of various origins, aged 5 to 17 (averagely 9.15 ± 3.19 years), who were able to perform training sessions on the MP-3 Nidek microperimeter (Japan). In addition to standard examination, all patients underwent binocular status assessment using a four-point test, macular electroretinography, microperimetry, optical coherence tomography (OCT). The treatment, carried out on the microperimeter using visual (flickering checkerboard pattern) and sound signal biofeedback, consisted of 10—15 sessions, 10—12 minutes each. All patients were examined before treatment cycle, immediately upon the end of the cycle, and also 1 and 3 months after it.  </p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results.  Preliminary results showed an increase in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from 0.41 ± 0.24 to 0.68 ± 0.27 (33.9 %), the photosensitivity of the retina in the fovea increased from 27.07 ± 3.90 to 29.8 ± 3.3 dB (10 %), fixation density in the central region from 59.80 ± 31.08 to 72.05 ± 34.5 %(20.4 %) with its amplitude decreased by more than two times. After treatment, unstable central fixation changed to stable central fixation in all cases. With eccentric fixation, the fixation point shifted closer to the central region, and fixation characteristics improved in 75 % of cases. The obtained results retained throughout the observation period which lasted up to 3 months.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion.  The proposed new treatment method of amblyopia with impaired fixation of various degrees proved to be effective and safe and can be recommended for use in pediatric patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>амблиопия</kwd><kwd>микропериметрия</kwd><kwd>фиксация</kwd><kwd>биологическая обратная связь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>amblyopia</kwd><kwd>microperimetry</kwd><kwd>fixation</kwd><kwd>biofeedback</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Никто из авторов не имеет финансовой заинтересованности в представленных материалах или методах</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">No author has a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fu Z., Hong H., Su Z., et al. 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