helmholtzeyeinstituteРоссийский офтальмологический журналRussian Ophthalmological Journal2072-00762587-5760Real time Publishers10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-157-167helmholtzeyeinstitute-1187Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSПоражение органа зрения при COVID-19. Часть 2: осложнения со стороны заднего отрезка глаза, нейроофтальмологические проявления, вакцинация и факторы рискаEye damage in COVID-19. Part 2: posterior segment complications, neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, vaccination and risk factorshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2265-6671КурышеваН. И.KuryshevaN. I.

Наталия Ивановна Курышева — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой глазных болезней; заведующая консультативно-диагностическим отделением

ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23, Москва, 123098; ул. Гамалеи, д. 15, Москва, 123098

Natalia I. Kurysheva — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, head of chair of eye diseases; head of the consultative and diagnostic department

23, Marshal Novikov St., Moscow, 123098; 15, Gamaleya St., Moscow, 123098

e-natalia@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-2420ЕвдокимоваО. А.EvdokimovaO. A.

Оксана Александровна Евдокимова — ассистент кафедры глазных болезней; , врач-офтальмолог

ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23, Москва, 123098; ул. Гамалеи, д. 15, Москва, 123098

Oksana A. Evdokimova — assistant of chair of eye diseases; ophthalmologist

23, Marshal Novikov St., Moscow, 123098; 15, Gamaleya St., Moscow, 123098

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3537-6406НикитинаА. Д.NikitinaA. D.

Анастасия Дмитриевна Никитина — ассистент кафедры глазных болезней; врач-офтальмолог

ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23, Москва, 123098; ул. Гамалеи, д. 15, Москва, 123098

Anastasiya D. Nikitina — assistant of chair of eye diseases;, ophthalmologist

23, Marshal Novikov St., Moscow, 123098; 15, Gamaleya St., Moscow, 123098

Медико-биологический университет инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ ГНЦ РФ — Федеральный биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России; Центр офтальмологии ФМБА России, ФГБУ ГНЦ РФ ФМБЦ им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБАРоссияMedical Biological University of Innovations and Continuing Education — A.I. Burnazyan Medical Biophysical Center; Ophthalmological Center, Federal Medical and Biological AgencyRussian FederationМедико-биологический университет инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ ГНЦ РФ — Федеральный биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России; Центр офтальмологии ФМБА России, ФГБУ ГНЦ РФ ФМБЦ им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБАРоссияMedical Biological University of Innovations and Continuing Education — A.I. Burnazyan Medical Biophysical Center; Ophthalmological Center, Federal Medical and Biological AgencyRussian FederationМедико-биологический университет инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ ГНЦ РФ — Федеральный биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России; Центр офтальмологии ФМБА России, ФГБУ ГНЦ РФ ФМБЦ им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБАРоссияMedical Biological University of Innovations and Continuing Education — A.I. Burnazyan Medical Biophysical Center; Ophthalmological Center, Federal Medical and Biological AgencyRussian Federation202318032023161157167Copyright © Курышева Н.И., Евдокимова О.А., Никитина А.Д., 20232023Курышева Н.И., Евдокимова О.А., Никитина А.Д.Kurysheva N.I., Evdokimova O.A., Nikitina A.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1187

Поражения заднего отрезка глаза при COVID-19 имеют различные проявления: сосудистые, воспалительные и нейрональные. Все они вызваны вирусом SARS-CoV-2 , тем не менее их невозможно характеризовать как специфичные для COVID-19. Средний возраст пациентов, согласно данным литературы, колеблется от 17 до 75 лет и составляет 50 лет. Средняя продолжительность между появлением офтальмологических симптомов и выявлением COVID-19 составила 12 дней. Заболевание в равной степени поражает как мужчин, так и женщин. Прямое воздействие вируса, иммуноопосредованное повреждение тканей, активация системы свертывания и протромботическое состояние, вызванное вирусной инфекцией, сопутствующие заболевания и лекарственные препараты, используемые при лечении, влияют на развитие офтальмопатологии. Офтальмологи должны быть осведомлены о возможных связях патологии заднего отрезка глаза, орбиты и нейроофтальмологических расстройств с SARS-CoV-2, а также о возможном обострении хронических форм воспалительных заболеваний глаз и аутоиммунных нарушений вследствие вакцинации от COVID-19.

Posterior eye segment involvement in COVID-19 has varied manifestations: vascular, inflammatory, and neuronal. All of them are triggered by SARS-CoV-2 virus but they cannot be viewed as exclusively specific to COVID-19. According to the literature, the mean age of the patients varies from 17 to 75 with the median of 50 years. The median duration between the appearance of ophthalmic symptoms and the detection of COVID-19 was 12 days. The disease affects both men and women equally. Direct exposure to the virus, immune-mediated tissue damage, activation of the coagulation system, the prothrombotic state caused by a viral infection, concomitant diseases and medications used in the treatment contribute to the development of eye pathologies. Ophthalmologists should be aware of the possible relations of posterior eye segment pathologies, orbit and neuro-ophthalmic disorders with SARS-CoV-2, as well as the possible exacerbation of chronic forms of inflammatory eye diseases and autoimmune disorders due to anti-COVID-19 vaccination.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.