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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-2-92-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1239</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стратегически ориентированная коррекция смешанного астигматизма у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Strategically oriented correction of mixed astigmatism in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарутта</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarutta</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Петровна Тарутта, д-р мед. наук, профессор, начальник отдела патологии рефракции, бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики,</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow,105062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenatarutta@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тарутта Е.П., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарутта Е.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tarutta E.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1239">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1239</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — оценить отдаленные функциональные и рефракционные результаты коррекции смешанного астигматизма у детей дошкольного возраста «плюсовыми» цилиндрами в рамках долгосрочного продольного исследования.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Тридцать восемь детей (75 глаз) в возрасте 1,5–7,0 года (в среднем 4,2 года) со смешанным астигматизмом 0,75–4,25 дптр (в среднем 1,85 дптр) прослежены в динамике в течение 6–15 (в среднем 7,3 года) лет. При первом осмотре всем детям были назначены для постоянного ношения (+) цилиндры силой от 0,5 до 3,5 дптр. В целом за период наблюдения 6–15 лет ослабили (+) Cyl ввиду уменьшения астигматизма (!) на 24 (32 %) глазах, добавили (-) Sph ввиду усиления рефракции на 24 (32 %) глазах. В случаях, когда полная коррекция «плюсовым» цилиндром оставляла слишком большой миопический дефокус, снижали силу «плюсового» цилиндра, чтобы не добавлять «минусовой» сферы, и назначали вторую пару очков — для близи, с полной коррекцией астигматизма «плюсовым» цилиндром.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Через 6–15 лет астигматизм изменился в 85 % глаз: увеличился в 7 глазах (в среднем на 0,3 дптр) и уменьшился на 53 (в среднем на 0,9 дптр, р &lt; 0,05; максимально — на 2,75 дптр). Рефракция по сферэквиваленту изменилась в 51 % глаз: в среднем усилилась на 0,53 дптр. Максимальное усиление рефракции за весь срок наблюдения составило 2,8 дптр, максимальное ослабление — 1,4 дптр. Острота зрения на фоне постоянного ношения очков повысилась через два года в среднем до 0,84, а к концу наблюдения — до 0,99.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Предложенная тактика коррекции смешанного астигматизма, предусматривающая сохранение остаточного слабомиопического дефокуса, полностью обеспечивает и тактический, и стратегический эффекты: профилактику и устранение амблиопии, сдерживание миопизации рефракции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: evaluation of the remote functional and refractive results of mixed astigmatism correction in preschool children with “plus” cylinders in the framework of a long-time longitudinal study.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. 38 children (75 eyes) aged 1.5–7 years (averagely 4.2 years) with mixed astigmatism of 0.75 to 4.25 D (averagely 1.85 D) were followed up for 6-15 (averagely 7.3) years. At the first examination, all children were prescribed to permanently wear (+) cylinders of 0.5 D to 3.5 D. Over the follow-up period, (+) Cyl could be weakened in 24 eyes (32 %) due to a decrease in astigmatism, while (-) Sph had to be added in 24 eyes (32 %). due to an increased refraction. In cases when the full correction using a “plus” cylinder left an excessively large myopic defocus, the power of the “plus” cylinder was reduced so as not to add a “minus” sphere, and a second pair of glasses was prescribed for near vision, which offered a full correction of astigmatism with the “plus” cylinder.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. After 6–15 years, astigmatism changed in 85 % of the examined eyes: it increased in 7 eyes (averagely, by 0.3 D) and decreased in 53 (averagely, by 0.9 D, p &lt; 0.05; with the maximum reduction of 2.75 D). The spheric-equivalent refraction changed in 51 % of eyes, with an average increase of 0.53 D. The maximum increase of refraction was 2.8 D, while the maximum drop was 1.4 D. Visual acuity of the children who wore the prescribed eyeglasses permanently, showed after two years an increase, average achieving the level of 0.84, which by the end of the follow-up period achieved 0.99.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed plan of mixed astigmatism correction, which preserves residual weak myopic defocus, fully ensured both tactical and strategic effects: prevention and elimination of amblyopia, and containment of refraction myopization.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>смешанный астигматизм</kwd><kwd>стратегический эффект коррекции</kwd><kwd>рефрактогенез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mixed astigmatism</kwd><kwd>strategic effect of correction</kwd><kwd>refractogenesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Уткин В.Ф. 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