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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-156-162</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1445</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хирургия катаракты у пациентов с сахарным диабетом. Профилактика и оптимизация терапии диабетического макулярного отека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cataract surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus. Prevention and optimisation of the diabetic macular edema therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6311-5452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фурсова</surname><given-names>А. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fursova</surname><given-names>A. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анжелла Жановна Фурсова — д-р мед. наук, доцент, заведующая офтальмологическим отделением, ГБУЗ НСО «Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница»; заведующая кафедрой офтальмологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anzhella Zh. Fursova — Dr. of Med. Sci., head of the ophthalmological department, Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital; head of chair of ophthalmology, Novosibirsk State Medical University</p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087</p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8825-3656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дербенева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derbeneva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Сергеевна Дербенева — канд. мед. наук, врач-офтальмолог, ГБУЗ НСО «Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница»; ассистент кафедры офтальмологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Derbeneva — Cand. of Med. Sci., ophthalmologist, Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital; assistant of chair ophthalmology, Novosibirsk State Medical University</p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087</p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2974-9325</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Андреевна Васильева — канд. мед. наук, врач-офтальмолог, ГБУЗ НСО «Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница»; ассистент кафедры офтальмологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Vasilyeva — Cand. of Med. Sci., ophthalmologist, Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital;  assistant of chair ophthalmology, Novosibirsk State Medical University</p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087</p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-4468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамза</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamza</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Александровна Гамза — канд. мед. наук, врач-офтальмолог, ГБУЗ НСО «Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница»; ассистент кафедры офтальмологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya A. Gamza — Cand. of Med. Sci., ophthalmologist, Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital; assistant of chair of ophthalmology, Novosibirsk State Medical University</p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087</p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7934-0511</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Позднякова</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakova</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полина Николаевна Позднякова — студентка 6-го курса лечебного факультета</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina N. Pozdnyakova — 6 th year student of the faculty of medicine</p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Работа</surname><given-names>Ф. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rabota</surname><given-names>F. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федор Константинович Работа — клинический ординатор кафедры офтальмологии</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fedor K. Rabota — clinical resident of chair of ophthalmology</p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ НСО «Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница»; ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital; Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>156</fpage><lpage>162</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фурсова А.Ж., Дербенева А.С., Васильева М.А., Гамза Ю.А., Позднякова П.Н., Работа Ф.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фурсова А.Ж., Дербенева А.С., Васильева М.А., Гамза Ю.А., Позднякова П.Н., Работа Ф.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fursova A.Z., Derbeneva A.S., Vasilyeva M.A., Gamza Y.A., Pozdnyakova P.N., Rabota F.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1445">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1445</self-uri><abstract><p>Сахарный диабет (СД) является серьезной проблемой общественного здравоохранения, примерно одна треть пациентов имеет признаки диабетической ретинопатии (ДР), катаракта развивается в более раннем возрасте и в 2–5 раз чаще. Показано увеличение частоты возникновения макулярного отека (МО) после факоэмульсификации катаракты (ФЭК) у пациентов с СД в 1,80 раза и в 6,23 раза — при наличии ДР. Критическим сроком ухудшения состояния сетчатки является 2-й месяц после ФЭК, что определяет необходимость проведения активной терапии и мониторинга. Пациентам с ранее существовавшим диабетическим макулярным отеком (ДМО), если катаракта не ставит под угрозу повседневную активность и имеется адекватная прозрачность оптических сред, предпочтительно отложить оперативное лечение для максимальной стабилизации состояния сетчатки по данным оптической когерентной томографии (ОКТ) при двух последовательных ежемесячных посещениях. При наличии выраженного нарушения прозрачности хрусталика рекомендуется ФЭК с интравитреальной инъекцией анти-VEGF или стероидов за 1 мес до операции при строгом мониторинге состояния сетчатки методом ОКТ. При отсутствии макулярных изменений и наличии риска развития ДМО необходимо применение нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов. Недопустима профилактическая интравитреальная терапия при отсутствии МО.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem, with approximately one third having signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR). In such patients, cataracts develop at an earlier age and 2–5 times more frequently. The incidence of macular edema (ME) after phacoemulsification of cataracts (FEC) in patients with diabetes has been shown to increase by 1.80 times and, in the presence of DR by 6.23. The critical period for retinal deterioration is 2 months after FEC, which requires an active therapy and monitoring. For patients with pre-existing diabetic macular edema (DME), If the cataract does not affect daily activities of patients with a pre-existing DME and the optical clarity is adequate, it is preferable to postpone surgical treatment in order to maximize retinal stabilization on OCT at two consecutive visits with a month’s interval between. In the case of severe impairment of lens transparency, FEC with an intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF 28 days or steroids 1 month before surgery under strict monitoring of the retinal condition using OCT is recommended. If macular changes are absent and there is a risk of developing DME, the use of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary. Prophylactic intravitreal therapy is unacceptable in the absence of MO.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>макулярный отек</kwd><kwd>факоэмульсификация катаракты</kwd><kwd>диабетическая ретинопатия</kwd><kwd>центральная толщина сетчатки</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы ангиогенеза</kwd><kwd>имплант дексаметазона</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macular edema</kwd><kwd>cataract phacoemulsification</kwd><kwd>diabetic retinopathy</kwd><kwd>central retinal thickness</kwd><kwd>angiogenesis inhibitors</kwd><kwd>dexamethasone implant</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saeedi P, Petersohn I, Salpea P, et al. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the international diabetes federation diabetes atlas, 9th edition. 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