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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-2-47-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1489</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гиперрефлективные фокусы как биомаркер прогрессирования рассеянного склероза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hyperreflective focuses as a biomarker of multiple sclerosis progression</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6311-5452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фурсова</surname><given-names>А. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fursova</surname><given-names>A. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анжелла Жановна Фурсова — д-р мед. наук, доцент, заведующая офтальмологическим отделением, заведующая кафедрой офтальмологии  </p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087;Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anzhella Zh. Fursova — Dr. of Med. Sci., head of the ophthalmological department; head of chair of ophthalmology </p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087;52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anzhellafursova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-3285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубкова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubkova</surname><given-names>M. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маргарита Юрьевна Зубкова — врач-офтальмолог; ассистент кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087;Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita Y. Zubkova — ophthalmologist; assistant of the department of ophthalmology </p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087;52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2974-9325</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Андреевна Васильева — канд. мед. наук, врач-офтальмолог; ассистент кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087;Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Vasilyeva — Cand. of Med. Sci., ophthalmologist; assistant of chair ophthalmology </p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087;52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-4468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамза</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamza</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Александровна Гамза — канд. мед. наук, врач-офтальмолог; ассистент кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087;Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya A. Gamza — Cand. of Med. Sci., ophthalmologist; assistant of chair of ophthalmology </p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087;52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8825-3656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дербенева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derbeneva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Сергеевна Дербенева — канд. мед. наук, врач-офтальмолог; ассистент кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087;Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Derbeneva — Cand. of Med. Sci., ophthalmologist; assistant of chair ophthalmology </p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087;52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-8352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никулич</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikulich</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ида Фаритовна Никулич — врач-офтальмолог; ассистент кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130, Новосибирск, 630087;Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ida F. Nikulich — ophthalmologist; assistant of chair of ophthalmology </p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087;52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1255-8525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малкова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Алексеевна Малкова — д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры клинической неврологии и нейрогериатрии; куратор центра рассеянного склероза </p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091;ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 128, Новосибирск, 630087</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda A. Malkova — Dr. of Med Sci., professor of chair of clinical neurology and neurogeriatrics; curator of center of multiple sclerosis </p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091;128, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2541-9302</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокаева</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokaeva</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Ивановна Прокаева — аспирант кафедры клинической неврологии и нейрогериатрии; врач-невролог </p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091;ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 128, Новосибирск, 630087</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna I. Prokaeva — postgraduate student of the department of clinical neurology and neurogeriatrics; neurologist </p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091;128, Nemirovich-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, 630087</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7934-0511</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Позднякова</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakova</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полина Николаевна Позднякова — студентка 6-го курса лечебного факультета  </p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina N. Pozdnyakova — 6th year student of the faculty of medicine </p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ НСО «Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital;&#13;
Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
Областной центр рассеянного склероза и других аутоиммунных заболеваний нервной системы ГБУЗ НО «Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University;&#13;
Regional center for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases of the nervous system, “Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фурсова А.Ж., Зубкова М.Ю., Васильева М.А., Гамза Ю.А., Дербенева А.С., Никулич И.Ф., Малкова Н.А., Прокаева А.И., Позднякова П.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фурсова А.Ж., Зубкова М.Ю., Васильева М.А., Гамза Ю.А., Дербенева А.С., Никулич И.Ф., Малкова Н.А., Прокаева А.И., Позднякова П.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fursova A.Z., Zubkova M.Y., Vasilyeva M.A., Gamza Y.A., Derbeneva A.S., Nikulich I.F., Malkova N.A., Prokaeva A.I., Pozdnyakova P.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1489">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1489</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — выявление интраретинальных гиперрефлективных фокусов (ГРФ), их специфических характеристик, особенностей локализации и связи с длительностью заболевания, типом течения и перенесенными эпизодами ретробульбарного оптического неврита (ОН) у пациентов с рассеянным склерозом (РС) с использованием протокола ОКТ-сканирования высокого разрешения. Материал и методы. Обследовано 160 пациентов (318 глаз): 1-я группа — 44 (13,84 %) глаза — дебют РС без ОН в анамнезе; 2-я группа — 30 (9,43 %) глаз — дебют РС с ОН; 3-я группа — 56 (17,61 %) глаз — РС с ремиттирующим течением (РРС) длительностью ≤ 10 лет без ОН; 4-я группа — 38 (11,95 %) глаз — РРС длительностью ≤ 10 лет с ОН; 5-я группа — 49 (15,41 %) глаз — РРС длительностью ˃ 10 лет без ОН; 6-я группа — 37 (11,63  %) глаз — РРС длительностью ˃ 10 лет с ОН; 7-я группа — 34 (10,69 %) глаза — РС с вторично-прогрессирующим течением (ВПРС) без ОН; 8-я группа — 30 (9,43 %) глаз — ВПРС с ОН. Результаты. Во всех группах выявлены ГРФ как на уровне наружного (НЯС), так и на уровне внутреннего (ВЯС) ядерного слоя, отмечено увеличение их количества в зависимости от длительности, типа течения заболевания и наличия ОН в анамнезе. Толщина внутренних слоев сетчатки соответствовала средним нормативным показателям в группе с дебютом РС без ОН. В группе с ВПРС после перенесенных ОН отмечено уменьшение общей толщины слоя ганглиозных клеток сетчатки (GCL) и внутреннего плексиформного слоя (IPL) с минимальными значениями срGCL + IPL (65,83 ± 8,27 мкм), а также слоя нервных волокон сетчатки (RNFL) — срRNFL (76,37 ± 6,94 мкм). Выявлены высокие обратные корреляционные связи между срGCL + IPL и количеством ГРФ на уровнях НЯС и ВЯС (-0,82 и -0,85 соответственно, p = 0,01). Заключение. Наличие и количество ГРФ могут рассматриваться как прогностический неинвазивный биомаркер, связанный с длительностью РС и наличием ОН в анамнезе и позволяющий визуализировать особенности проникновения активированной иммунными клетками микроглии в немиелинизированную часть ЦНС, для изучения их роли в патогенезе и прогрессировании заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose: to identify the intraretinal hyperreflective foci (HRF), their specific characteristics, localization features and correlations with the duration of the disease, type of course and previous episodes of optic neuritis (ON) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients using a high-resolution OCT scanning protocol. Materials and methods. The study included 160 patients (318 eyes) divided into 8 groups, i.e. Group 1: 44 eyes (13.84 %) — MS onset without a history of ON; Group 2: 30 eyes (9.43 %) — debut of MS with ON; Group 3: 56 eyes (17.61 %) — relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) lasting ≤ 10 years without ON; Group 4: 38 eyes (11.95 %) — RRMS lasting ≤ 10 years with ON; Group 5: 49 eyes (15.41  %) — RRMS lasting ˃ 10 years without ON; Group 6: 37 eyes (11.63 %) — RRMS lasting ˃ 10 years with ON; Group 7: 34 eyes (10.69 %) — secondary progressive MS (SPMS) without ON; Group 8: 30 eyes (9.43 %) — SPMS with ON. Results. HRF were identified in all groups, at the levels of both the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and the inner nuclear layer (INL). Their number increased depending on the duration, type of course, and the presence of ON history. The thickness of the inner layers of the retina corresponded to the average normative indicators in the group with the onset of MS without ON. In the SPMS group after ON, a decrease in the total thickness of ganglions retinal cells layer (GCL) and the inner plexiform layer (IPL) was noted, showing minimal values of both avGCL + IPL (65.83 ± 8.27 μm) and avRNFL (76.37 ± 6.94 μm). High inverse correlations were revealed between avGCL + IPL and the amount of GRF at the levels of ONL and INL (-0.82 and -0.85, respectively, p = 0.01). Conclusions. The presence and quantity of HRF can be considered as a prognostic non-invasive biomarker associated with the duration of MS and the history of ON, allowing one to visualize the penetration of microglia activated by immune cells into the unmyelinated part of the central nervous system, helpful in elucidating their role in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>оптическая когерентная томография</kwd><kwd>гиперрефлективные фокусы</kwd><kwd>оптический неврит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>optical coherence tomography</kwd><kwd>hyperreflective foci</kwd><kwd>optic neuritis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frisch T, Elkjaer ML, Reynolds R, et al. 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