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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-2-62-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1491</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНО-ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL AND LABORATORY STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реакция мультиполярных нейронов сетчатки на фотоповреждение в эксперименте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Response of multipolar retinal neurons to photodamage in the experiment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0468-3959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Валерьевич Потапов — д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии  </p><p>ул. Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, 63405</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Potapov — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, chair of histology, embryology and cytology </p><p>2, Moskovsky Trakt St., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">potalex@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3173-5336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варакута</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varakuta</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Юрьевна Варакута — д-р мед. наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой нормальной анатомии человека с курсом топографической анатомии и оперативной хирургии  </p><p>ул. Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, 63405</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Y. Varakuta — Dr. of Med. Sci., head of chair of normal human anatomy with a course of topographic anatomy and operative surgery </p><p>2, Moskovsky Trakt St., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1843-5833</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солонский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solonsky</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Владимирович Солонский — д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической психонейроиммунологии и нейробиологии  </p><p>ул. Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, 63405;ул. Алеутская, д. 4, Томск, 634014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly V. Solonsky — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, chair of histology, embryology and cytology; leading researcher, laboratory of clinical psychoneuroimmunology and neurobiology </p><p>2, Moskovsky Trakt St., Tomsk, 634050;4, Aleutskaya St., Tomsk, 634014</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8526-6187</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Владимирович Герасимов — д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии </p><p>ул. Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, 63405</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr V. Gerasimov — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, chair of histology, embryology and cytology </p><p>2, Moskovsky Trakt St., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-7416</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жданкина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhdankina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Александровна Жданкина — д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии  </p><p>ул. Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, 63405</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Zhdankina — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, chair of histology, embryology and cytology </p><p>2, Moskovsky Trakt St., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-6957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логвинов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Logvinov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Валентинович Логвинов — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии  </p><p>ул. Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, 63405</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Logvinov — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, head of chair of histology, embryology and cytology </p><p>2, Moskovsky Trakt St., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБНУ «НИИ психического здоровья, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр РАН»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University;&#13;
Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Потапов А.В., Варакута Е.Ю., Солонский А.В., Герасимов А.В., Жданкина А.А., Логвинов С.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Потапов А.В., Варакута Е.Ю., Солонский А.В., Герасимов А.В., Жданкина А.А., Логвинов С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Potapov A.V., Varakuta E.Y., Solonsky A.V., Gerasimov A.V., Zhdankina A.A., Logvinov S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1491">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1491</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — оценить реакцию мультиполярных нейронов сетчатки на световое облучение в зависимости от интенсивности и продолжительности воздействия. Материал и методы. Беспородных половозрелых белых крыс (n = 50, 100 глаз) весом 180–200 г подвергали постоянному круглосуточному освещению (200, 3500 лк; 1, 2, 7, 14, 30 сут). В качестве контроля использовали 25 необлученных животных (50 глаз). На полутонких срезах, окрашенных толуидиновым синим, вычисляли число нейронов ганглионарного слоя с явлениями кариопикноза, очагового и тотального хроматолиза. В зрительном нерве подсчитывали процент дегенеративно измененных аксонов и число нервных волокон с деформацией миелиновой оболочки. Ультраструктурные изменения нейронов изучали с помощью электронного микроскопа JEM-100 CX-II. Результаты. В ранние сроки эксперимента (1-е, 2-е сутки) в перикарионах мультиполярных нейронов сетчатки наблюдаются реактивные и деструктивные изменения органелл. Гранулярная эндоплазматическая сеть фрагментируется, утрачивает часть своих рибосом, а из ее цистерн образуются различных размеров вакуоли. При увеличении срока воздействия (7-е, 30-е сут) наблюдается усиление процессов деструкции, более выраженное после высокоинтенсивного (3500 лк) светового облучения. Фотоповреждение вызывает изменение всех компонентов зрительного нерва и характеризуется деструкцией органелл, снижением количества элементов цитоскелета в аксоне и расщеплением миелиновой оболочки. Заключение. Изменения мультиполярных нейронов сетчатки после фотоповреждения преимущественно касаются содержания и распределения хроматофильной субстанции и зависят от интенсивности и длительности освещения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose: to assess the reaction of multipolar retinal neurons to light irradiation depending on the intensity and duration of exposure. Material and methods. Outbred sexually mature white rats (n = 50, 100 eyes) weighing 180–200 g were exposed to continuous round-the-clock light (200, 3,500 lux; 1, 2, 7, 14, 30 days). The control group consisted of 25 non-irradiated animals (50 eyes). Using semifine sections, colored with toluidine blue, we counted the number of neurons in the ganglionic layer with karyopyknosis, focal and total chromatolysis. In the optic nerve, the percentage of degeneratively altered axons and the number of nerve fibers with deformation of the myelin sheath were calculated. Ultrastructural changes in neurons were studied using a JEM-100 CX-II electron microscope. Results. In the first days of the experiment (1, 2 days), reactive and destructive changes in organelles are observed in the perikaryons of multipolar retinal neurons. The granular endoplasmic reticulum becomes fragmented, loses part of its ribosomes, and vacuoles of varied sizes are formed from its cisterns. With an increase in the duration of exposure (7–30 days), degradation processes are increasing, all the more so after high-intensity (3,500 lux) light irradiation. The photodamage causes changes in all components of the optic nerve and is characterized by a destruction of organelles, a decrease in the number of elements of the cytoskeleton in the axon, and myelin sheath splitting. Conclusion. Changes in multipolar neurons of the retina after photodamage are primarily related to the content and distribution of the chromatophilic substance and depend on the intensity and duration of illumination.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мультиполярные нейроны сетчатки</kwd><kwd>зрительный нерв</kwd><kwd>свет</kwd><kwd>фотоповреждение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retinal ganglion cell</kwd><kwd>optic nerve</kwd><kwd>light</kwd><kwd>photodamage</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Azizi M, Golmohammadi R, Aliabadi M. 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