helmholtzeyeinstituteРоссийский офтальмологический журналRussian Ophthalmological Journal2072-00762587-5760Real time Publishers10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-2-148-153helmholtzeyeinstitute-1504Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSМикробиота — новый фактор в механизме развития глаукомы?Is microbiota a factor in the mechanism of glaucoma development?https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6815-8208ОренбуркинаО. И.OrenburkinaO. I.

Ольга Ивановна Оренбуркина - д-р мед. наук, директор 

ул. Рихарда Зорге, д. 67, корп. 1, Уфа, 450075

Olga I. Orenburkina — Dr. of Med. Sci., director 

67, Bldg. 1, Richard Sorge St., Ufa, 450075

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6700-0812БабушкинА. Э.BabushkinA. E.

Александр Эдуардович Бабушкин - д-р мед. наук, заведующий отделом организации научных исследований и разработок 

ул. Пушкина, д. 90, Уфа, 450008

Aleksandr E. Babushkin — Dr. of Med. Sci., head of the department of research and development organization 

90, Pushkin St., Ufa, 450008

virologicdep@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-4108-3728ШамсутдиновС. М.ShamsutdinovS. M.

Салават Масгутович Шамсутдинов - врач-офтальмолог

ул. Рихарда Зорге, д. 67, корп. 1, Уфа, 450075

Salavat M. Shamsutdinov — ophthalmologist 

67, Bldg. 1, Richard Sorge St., Ufa, 450075

virologicdep@mail.ruФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Всероссийский центр глазной и пластической хирургииРоссияRussian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery, Bashkir State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Уфимский НИИ глазных болезнейРоссияUfa Eye Research Institute, Bashkir State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202402072024172148153Copyright © Оренбуркина О.И., Бабушкин А.Э., Шамсутдинов С.М., 20242024Оренбуркина О.И., Бабушкин А.Э., Шамсутдинов С.М.Orenburkina O.I., Babushkin A.E., Shamsutdinov S.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1504

На сегодняшний день глаукома рассматривается как многофакторное нейродегенеративное заболевание, в которое вовлечен ряд механизмов воздействия на различные типы клеток в организме человека. Известно, что повышенное внутриглазное давление (ВГД) является не единственным фактором риска апоптоза ганглиозных клеток и глаукоматозной оптической нейропатии, а может быть связано с другими факторами, включая сосудистые, метаболические, нейротрофические, иммунные, воспалительные и др. Однако в настоящее время лечение во многом остается симптоматическим, направленным почти исключительно на снижение ВГД. Микробиотический дисбиоз — новая развивающаяся область исследований патогенеза глаукомного поражения, этот механизм может быть важным фактором его развития. Есть основания полагать, что стратегии лечения с прицелом на коррекцию нарушений микробиоты будут способствовать повышению эффективности лечения глаукомы.

Nowadays, glaucoma is viewed as a multifactorial neurodegenerative condition that involves many factors affecting different cell types in a human body. As is known, increased intraocular pressure (IOP) is not the only threatening factor of ganglion cell apoptosis and glaucomatous optic neuropathy development; IOP can be associated with other factors, such as vascular, metabolic, neurotrophic, immune, inflammatory, etc. However, the treatment of glaucoma remains largely symptomatic, aimed almost exclusively at reducing IOP. Microbiotic dysbiosis is a newly developing research direction of the glaucomatous progress, showing that this mechanism may turn out to be an important factor of glaucoma development. There are reasons to believe that treatment strategies aimed at microbiota damage correction may contribute to a better efficiency of glaucoma management. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.