helmholtzeyeinstituteРоссийский офтальмологический журналRussian Ophthalmological Journal2072-00762587-5760Real time Publishers10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-2-154-159helmholtzeyeinstitute-1505Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSСовременные тенденции и перспективы разработки местных гипотензивных препаратов для лечения глаукомыCurrent trends and prospects of the local antihypertensive drugs development for the glaucoma treatmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6922-0464ПетровС. Ю.PetrovS. Yu.

Сергей Юрьевич Петров — д-р мед. наук, начальник отдела глаукомы 

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062

Sergey Yu. Petrov — Dr. of Med. Sci., head of the department of glaucoma 

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

glaucomatosis@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9082-4537ФилипповаО. М.FillipovaO. M.

Ольга Маратовна Филиппова — канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отдела глаукомы 

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062

Olga M. Filippova — Cand. of Med. Sci., ophthalmologist, researcher, department of glaucoma 

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3679-8619МалишевскаяТ. Н.MalishevskayaT. N.

Татьяна Николаевна Малишевская — д-р мед. наук, заведующая отделением аналитической работы 

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062

Tatiana N. Malishevskaya — Dr. of Med. Sci., head of the department of analytics 

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8090-6034МаркеловаО. И.MarkelovaO. I.

Оксана Игоревна Маркелова — аспирант отдела глаукомы 

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062

Oksana I. Markelova — PhD student, department of glaucoma 

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава РоссииРоссияHelmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye DiseasesRussian Federation202402072024172154159Copyright © Петров С.Ю., Филиппова О.М., Малишевская Т.Н., Маркелова О.И., 20242024Петров С.Ю., Филиппова О.М., Малишевская Т.Н., Маркелова О.И.Petrov S.Y., Fillipova O.M., Malishevskaya T.N., Markelova O.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1505

Глаукома — одна из ведущих причин слепоты в мире. В России прослеживаются общемировые тенденции роста заболеваемости глаукомой и ее лидирующее положение среди офтальмопатологий, приводящих к необратимой потере зрения. Повышенное внутриглазное давление (ВГД) — единственный модифицируемый фактор риска глаукомы, поэтому стратегии лечения направлены именно на его снижение за счет подавления продукции внутриглазной жидкости и усиления ее оттока. В настоящее время ведутся перспективные разработки агентов, относящихся к уже существующим классам, а также принципиально новых препаратов для контроля ВГД. В обзоре представлены новые препараты для лечения глаукомы и офтальмогипертензии, появившиеся на международном рынке, а также препараты, находящиеся на различных этапах изучения: от экспериментальных до клинических. В попытке ослабить побочные эффекты местных препаратов и продлить время их действия параллельно разработке новых медикаментозных препаратов предлагаются альтернативные способы доставки лекарственных средств: внутриглазные импланты, инъецируемые формы и обтураторы, комбинации полимеров и коллоидных систем.

Glaucoma is one of the world’s primary causes of blindness. Russia is following the global increasing trends of glaucoma and its leading position among ophthalmic pathologies that cause irreversible loss of vision. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only modifiable risk factor of glaucoma, so treatment strategies specifically focus on reducing IOP by suppressing the production of intraocular fluid and boosting its outflow. The current review presents new medications aimed at glaucoma and high IOP control that have recently appeared at the international market as well as the drugs under the different stages of development, from experimental to clinical studies. These include both the developments of agents belonging to the existing classes and of entirely new drugs intended to control IOP. In an attempt to reduce the side effects of locally administered drugs and prolong their action, in parallel with the development of new drugs, there is also evidence of alternative methods of drug delivery: intraocular implants, injectable forms and obturators, combinations of polymers and colloidal systems.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.