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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-3-52-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1549</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ассоциация клинико-морфологических и молекулярно-генетических (мутации в онкогенах GNAQ и GNA11 и полиморфизм гена АBСB1) факторов у больных меланомой радужки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Association of clinical-morphological and molecular-genetic factors (mutations in GNAQ and GNA11 oncogenes and АBСB1 gene polymorphism) in patients with iris melanoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саакян</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saakyan</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саакян Светлана Владимировна — д-р мед, наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН, начальник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России; заведующая учебной частью кафедры глазных болезней ФДПО ФГБОУ ВО «МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России.</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062; ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1, Москва, 127473</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Saakyan — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, head of ocular oncology and radiology department, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases; deputy director of education, ophthalmology chair, Yevdokimov Moscow State Medical Stomatological University of Medicine and Dentistry.</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062; 20/1, Delegatskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свирина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svirina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Cвирина Ирина Витальевна — аспирант отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии.</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Svirina — PhD student of ocular oncology and radiology department.</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.svirinairina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганков</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsygankov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыганков Александр Юрьевич — канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России; ассистент кафедры глазных болезней ФДПО ФГБОУ ВО «МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России.</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062; ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1, Москва, 127473</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander Yu. Tsygankov — Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher of ocular oncology and radiology department, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases; assistant at ophthalmology chair, Yevdokimov Moscow State Medical Stomatological University of Medicine and Dentistry.</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062; 20/1, Delegatskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурденный</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burdennyi</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бурденный Алексей Михайлович — канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории патогеномики и транскриптомики.</p><p>ул. Балтийская, д. 8, Москва, 125315</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey M. Burdennyi — Cand. of Biol. Sci., senior researcher, laboratory of pathogenomics and transcriptomics.</p><p>8, Baltiyskaya St., Moscow, 125315</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логинов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loginov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Логинов Виталий Игоревич — канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории патогеномики и транскриптомики.</p><p>ул. Балтийская, д. 8, Москва, 125315</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaliy I. Loginov — Cand. of Biol. Sci., leading researcher, laboratory of pathogenomics and transcriptomics.</p><p>8, Baltiyskaya St., Moscow, 125315</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases; Yevdokimov Moscow State Medical Stomatological University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «НИИ общей патологии и патофизиологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саакян С.В., Свирина И.В., Цыганков А.Ю., Бурденный А.М., Логинов В.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саакян С.В., Свирина И.В., Цыганков А.Ю., Бурденный А.М., Логинов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saakyan S.V., Svirina I.V., Tsygankov A.Y., Burdennyi A.M., Loginov V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1549">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1549</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — анализ частоты мутаций в генах GNAQ/GNA11 в циркулирующей опухолевой ДНК и ткани опухоли, а также частоты генотипов полиморфного маркера С3435Т гена ABCB1 у пациентов с меланомой радужки. Материал и методы. В исследование включено 139 пациентов с увеальной меланомой (УМ), обследованных в 2011–2023 гг. В опытную группу вошли 46 пациентов с меланомой радужки (n = 20, группа I) и распространением в цилиарное тело (n = 26, группа II), которым проведено молекулярно-генетическое исследование. Группу III (сравнения) составили 30 пациентов с УМ, обследованных в 2012 г. Диагноз УМ был морфологически верифицирован во всех случаях. Результаты. В группе I не выявлены мутации в генах GNAQ/GNA11. В группе II одна гетерозиготная мутация в генах GNAQ/GNA11 выявлена у 2 (7,7 %) пациентов. Значимых ассоциаций с клиническими и патоморфологическими признаками не выявлено (p &gt; 0,1). В группе сравнения III у 27 (90 %) пациентов выявлены мутации в генах GNAQ/GNA11. Сравнение частоты гетерозиготной мутации в генах GNAQ/GNA11 показало достоверные отличия между опытными группами и группой сравнения (F = 0,0000001, χ2 = 56,45). Генотип СС полиморфного маркера C3435T гена ABCB1 в группе I встречался в 90 % (F = 0,026418, χ2 = 5,36, значимо чаще, чем в группе III), в группе II — в 92,3 % (F = 0,006183, χ2 = 7,75, что значимо чаще, чем в группе III), в группе III — в 60 %. Генотип ТТ ни в одной группе не выявлен. Заключение. Показано, что частота мутаций в генах GNAQ и GNA11 и частота генотипа СТ полиморфного маркера C3435T гена ABCB1 при меланомах радужки значимо ниже, чем при меланоме хориоидеи, что свидетельствует об относительно благоприятном течении опухолевого процесса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose: to analyze the frequency of GNAQ/GNA11 mutations in circulating tumor DNA and tumor tissue, and the frequency of genotypes of polymorphic marker C3435T of ABCB1 gene in patients with iris melanoma. Material and methods. The study included 139 patients with uveal melanoma (UM) followed in 2011–2023. The experimental group included 46 patients with iris melanoma (n = 20, group I) and ciliary body involvement (n = 26, group II), who underwent a molecular genetic study. The comparison group III consisted of 30 UM patients managed in 2012. Morphologically, uveal melanoma was verified in all cases. Results. No mutations in the GNAQ/GNA11 genes were identified in group I. In group II, one heterozygous mutation in the GNAQ/GNA11 genes was detected in 2 patients (7.7 %). No significant associations with clinical or pathomorphological features were found (p &gt; 0.1). In the comparison group III, mutations in the GNAQ/ GNA11 genes were detected in 27 patients (90 %). When comparing the frequency of heterozygous mutations in the GNAQ/ GNA11 genes significant differences between the experimental groups and the comparison group were revealed (F = 0.0000001, χ2 = 56.45). The CC genotype of the C3435T polymorphic marker of the ABCB1 gene was found in 90 % (F = 0.026418, χ2 = 5.36, significantly more frequently than in group III), in group II — in 92.3 % (F = 0.006183, χ2 = 7.75, significantly more frequently than in group III), in group III it was found in 60 %. The TT genotype was not detected in any group. Conclusion. This study has shown that the frequency of mutations in GNAQ and GNA11 genes, the frequency of CT genotype of ABCB1 polymorphic marker C3435T gene in iris melanoma is significantly lower than that in choroid melanoma, indicating a relatively favorable tumor behaviour.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>увеальная меланома</kwd><kwd>меланома радужки</kwd><kwd>меланома хориоидеи</kwd><kwd>цоДНК</kwd><kwd>GNAQ</kwd><kwd>GNA11</kwd><kwd>АBСB1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uveal melanoma</kwd><kwd>iris melanoma</kwd><kwd>choroidal melanoma</kwd><kwd>ctDNA</kwd><kwd>GNAQ</kwd><kwd>GNA11</kwd><kwd>АBСB1</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jager MJ, Shields CL, Cebulla CM, et al. Uveal melanoma. 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