helmholtzeyeinstituteРоссийский офтальмологический журналRussian Ophthalmological Journal2072-00762587-5760Real time Publishers10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-3-113-118helmholtzeyeinstitute-1559Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSВиртуальная реальность в зрительной реабилитацииVirtual reality in visual rehabilitationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-5010ЗуеваМ. В.ZuevaM. V.

Зуева Марина Владимировна — д-р биол. наук, профессор, начальник отдела клинической физиологии зрения им. С.В. Кравкова.

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19 Москва, 105062

Marina V. Zueva — Dr. of Biol. Sci., professor, head of the department of clinical physiology of vision named after S.V. Kravkov.

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

visionlab@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4675-9648КотелинВ. И.KotelinV. I.

Котелин Владислав Игоревич — канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела клинической физиологии зрения им. С.В. Кравкова.

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19 Москва, 105062

Vladislav I. Kotelin — Cand. of Med. Sci., senior researcher, department of clinical physiology of vision named after S.V. Kravkov.

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-0894НероеваН. В.NeroevaN. V.

Нероева Наталия Владимировна — канд. мед. наук, руководитель отдела патологии сетчатки и зрительного нерва.

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19 Москва, 105062

Natalia V. Neroeva — Cand. of Med. Sci., head of the department of pathology of the retina and optic nerve.

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8381-2124ЖуравлеваА. Н.ZhuravlevaA. N.

Журавлева Анастасия Николаевна — канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отдела глаукомы.

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19 Москва, 105062

Anastasia N. Zhuravleva — Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher of the glaucoma department.

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0148-8517ЦапенкоИ. В.TsapenkoI. V.

Цапенко Ирина Владимировна — канд. биол. наук, главный специалист отдела клинической физиологии зрения им. С.В. Кравкова.

ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19 Москва, 105062

Irina V. Tsapenko — Cand. of Biol. Sci., chief specialist of the department of clinical physiology of vision named after S.V. Kravkov.

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава РоссииРоссияHelmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye DiseasesRussian Federation202402102024173113118Copyright © Зуева М.В., Котелин В.И., Нероева Н.В., Журавлева А.Н., Цапенко И.В., 20242024Зуева М.В., Котелин В.И., Нероева Н.В., Журавлева А.Н., Цапенко И.В.Zueva M.V., Kotelin V.I., Neroeva N.V., Zhuravleva A.N., Tsapenko I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1559

В обзоре обсуждается текущее состояние и перспективы применения технологий виртуальной реальности (VR) в стратегиях зрительной реабилитации, основанных на активации нейропластичности. Тренировки зрения в VR имеют ряд преимуществ перед традиционными реабилитационными мероприятиями. VR-занятия в игровом формате увлекают и мотивируют пользователя к активному участию в терапии и соблюдению им плана лечения, проводятся в безопасной и контролируемой среде. В VR-системах имеется возможность создавать индивидуальные программы лечения, адаптированные к конкретным потребностям и способностям каждого пациента. Системы VR только начинают применяться для реабилитации слабовидящих и показывают в целом многообещающие результаты. Однако требуется более тщательная оценка результатов и дополнительные исследования для преодоления таких ограничений, как небольшой размер выборки и отсутствие контрольных групп. Необходимо привлечение объективных способов диагностики для создания доказательной базы на высоком методическом уровне. Представляется перспективным расширение возможностей VR-технологий для зрительной реабилитации пациентов с ретинальной патологией разной этиологии за счет совмещения зрительных тренировок в виртуальном мире с ритмической фотостимуляцией с оптимальными параметрами оптических сигналов.

The review discusses the current state of affairs and prospects for the use of virtual reality (VR) technologies in visual rehabilitation strategies based on neuroplasticity activation. Vision training in VR has a number of advantages compared to traditional rehabilitation activities. Play-based VR exercises, practices in a safe and controlled environment, attract the users and encourage them to actively participate in therapy and comply with the treatment plan. VR systems have options that enable the creation of individual treatment programs tailored to the specific needs and abilities of each patient. VR systems are only beginning to be used in the rehabilitation of visually impaired but on the whole show promising results already. Yet, more careful evaluation of the results and additional research are required to overcome the existing limitations of the approach, such as a small size of the sample and lack of control groups. Objective diagnostic methods are needed to create a solid and high-quality evidence base. It seems promising to expand the potentials of VR technologies for visual rehabilitation of diverse retinal pathology patients by combining visual training in the virtual world with rhythmic photostimulation using optimal parameters of optical signals.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.