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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-3-119-125</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1560</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Механизмы нарушения зрения при COVID-19 и постковидном синдроме: TRP-каналы как патогенетические мишени и объекты терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mechanisms of visual impairment in COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome: TRP channels as pathogenetic targets and objects of therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миронова</surname><given-names>Э. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миронова Эмилия Михайловна — д-р биол. наук, профессор.</p><p>ул. Октябрьская, д. 6, Москва, 127018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Emiliya M. Mironova — Dr. of Biol. Sci., Professor.</p><p>6, Oktyabrskaya St., Moscow, 127018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mironovamntk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балезина</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balezina</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балезина Ольга Петровна — д-р биол. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры физиологии биологического факультета.</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12, Москва, 119234</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga P. Balezina — Dr. of Biol. Sci., Professor, Department of physiology, Faculty of biology.</p><p>1, Bldg. 12, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский центр «ФИРН М»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FIRN M Scientific Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Миронова Э.М., Балезина О.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Миронова Э.М., Балезина О.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mironova E.M., Balezina O.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1560">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1560</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен обзор литературы, посвященной нарушениям функций органа зрения при COVID-19 и постковидном синдроме и возможном патогенезе этих нарушений. Приведены данные о вероятных клеточных мишенях вируса SARS-CoV-2 при повреждении различных структур глаза. Рассмотрены предлагаемые подходы к терапии глазных нарушений при заболевании COVID-19. Основное внимание сосредоточено на недавно открытом семействе катионных каналов — «каналов с транзиторным рецепторным потенциалом» (Transient Receptor Potential), или TRP-каналов, как возможных мишеней воздействия SARS-CoV-2 на клетки глаза. Изучена структура TRP-каналов и их способность играть роль рецепторов температуры, боли, воспаления и участвовать в фототрансдукции. Показано присутствие TRP-каналов на уровне переднего и заднего отделов глаза. Представлены данные о взаимосвязи подвидов TRP, в частности TRPV1-каналов, с такими патологиями, как синдром сухого глаза, глаукома, глазная травма, ретинопатия и др. Приведены свидетельства прямого участия TRP-каналов в патогенезе легочной патологии при COVID-19, данные о роли TRP в патогенезе многих других заболеваний, включая невропатическую и воспалительную боль, инсульт, мигрень, нейродегенеративные расстройства. Обсуждаются известные на сегодня фармакологические средства воздействия на TRP-каналы. Обосновывается целесообразность и необходимость пристального внимания к активности TRP, в частности TRPV1-каналов, при оценке различных проявлений заболевания COVID-19, включая инфицирование глаз.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article presents a literature review on visual impairments in COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome and their possible pathogenesis. The data on possible cellular targets of SARS-CoV-2 in various damaged eye structures are discussed. The proposed approaches to the treatment of eye disorders in COVID-19 are reviewed. The main attention is given to the recently discovered family of cation channels — the channels with a transient receptor potential, or TRP channels, as possible targets of SARS-CoV-2 action on eye cells. The structure and properties of TRP channels, in particular their ability to act as receptors for temperature, pain and inflammation, and to participate in phototransduction, are examined. TRP channels are shown to be present in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. The relationships are explored between TRP subfamilies, in particular TRPV1 channels, and various pathologies, such as dry eye syndrome, glaucoma, eye trauma, retinopathy, etc. Evidence is provided for a direct involvement of TRP channels in the pathogenesis of pulmonary pathology in COVID-19, and their role in the pathogenesis of many other diseases, including neuropathic and inflammatory pain, stroke, migraine, neurodegenerative disorders. The currently known pharmacological approaches targeting TRP channels are discussed. The paper highlights the importance of closely monitoring TRP channels activity, particularly TRPV1 ones, in assessing various COVID-19 manifestations, including eye infections.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>глаз и COVID-19</kwd><kwd>TRP-каналы</kwd><kwd>TRPV1 и COVID-19</kwd><kwd>TRPV1 и заболевания глаз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>eye and COVID-19</kwd><kwd>TRP channels</kwd><kwd>TRPV1 and COVID-19</kwd><kwd>TRPV1 and eye diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нероев В.В., Кричевская Г.И., Балацкая Н.В. COVID-19 и проблемы офтальмологии. 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