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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2025-18-1-100-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1707</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРИГЛАШАЕМ К ОБСУЖДЕНИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INVITING DISCUSSIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фотофобия или термофобия при синдроме сухого глаза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Photophobia or thermophobia in dry eye</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эбрахим</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ebraheem</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эбрахим Адель — OD, MD, MS, отделение офтальмологии и науки о зрении.</p><p>419 W. Redwood Street, Suite 470 Baltimore, MD 21201; 22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Adel Ebraheem — OD, MD, MS, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences.</p><p>419 W. Redwood Street, Suite 470 Baltimore, MD 21201; 22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">AEbraheem@som.umaryland.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинская школа Мэрилендского университета; Медицинский центр Мэрилендского университета (UMMC)</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Maryland School of Medicine; University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC)</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Эбрахим А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эбрахим А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ebraheem A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1707">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1707</self-uri><abstract><p>Чувствительные нервы, которые отвечают за чувствительность роговицы, берут начало в глазном отделе тройничного ганглия. Около 20% ноцицепторов, присутствующих в роговице, выполняют жизненно важную функцию по передаче интенсивных и острых болевых ощущений при механическом контакте с поверхностью глаза. Примерно 70% ноцицепторов, присутствующих в роговице, реагируют на различные химические раздражители, такие как ацетилхолин, простагландины и брадикинин, а также на тепло и механические раздражители. Остальные рецепторы чувствительны к температуре. Одним из клинических признаков у большинства пациентов с патологическими состояниями роговицы являются жалобы на светобоязнь. Светобоязнь характеризуется повышенной (по сравнению с обычной) чувствительностью глаза к свету. Учитывая, что свет включает спектр излучений с различной длиной волны, каждое из которых содержит определенное количество тепловой энергии, термин «термофобия» может быть более подходящим описанием, чем светобоязнь. В статье представлены новые результаты, касающиеся светобоязни при воспалительных состояниях роговицы. В ней подробно описывается предполагаемый нейронный путь светобоязни при различных неврологических и глазных заболеваниях, указываются основные потенциальные причины светобоязни у пациентов, даже если точная причина остается неопределенной.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The sensory nerves that are accountable for the sensation of the cornea originate from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal ganglion. Around 20% of the nociceptors present in the cornea serve a vital function in transmitting intense and sharp pain sensations when there is mechanical contact with the ocular surface. Roughly 70 percent of the nociceptors present in the cornea respond to different chemical stimuli, such as acetylcholine, prostaglandins, and bradykinin, as well as heat and mechanical irritants. The rest of the receptors are sensitive to temperature. Most of the patients who have cornea pathological conditions complain of photophobia as one of the clinical signs. Photophobia is characterized by an elevated sensitivity of the eye to light in contrast to its usual reaction. Given that light is composed of various wavelengths, each containing a certain amount of thermal radiation energy, the term “thermophobia” might be a more suitable descriptor than photophobia. This paper presents novel findings on the perception of photophobia in cornea inflammatory conditions. It thoroughly explores the proposed neural pathway of photophobia in various neurological and eye medical conditions, shedding light on the potential underlying causes for patients experiencing photophobia, even when the exact cause remains undetermined.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>роговица</kwd><kwd>синдром сухого глаза</kwd><kwd>фотофобия</kwd><kwd>термофобия</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cornea</kwd><kwd>dry eye syndrome</kwd><kwd>photophobia</kwd><kwd>thermophobia</kwd><kwd>cornea inflammation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Благодарность Emad Roufaeil за подготовку иллюстраций.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Graphic illustration. Emad Roufaeil.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marfurt CF, Kingsley RE, Echtenkamp SE. 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