<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2025-18-2-43-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1786</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности использования транспальпебральной тонометрии для скрининг-контроля внутриглазного давления у детей младшего возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possibilities of using transpalpebral tonometry for screening control of intraocular pressure in young children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-3606</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иомдина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iomdina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иомдина Елена Наумовна — д-р биол. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела патологии рефракции, бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики.</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Еlena N. Iomdina — Dr. of Biol. Sci., professor, principal researcher of the department of refractive pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics.</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iomdina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушнаревич</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushnarevich</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кушнаревич Нина Юрьевна — канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела патологии рефракции, бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики.</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina Yu. Kushnarevich — Cand. of Med. Sci., senior researcher of the department of refractive pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics.</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларина</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larina</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ларина Татьяна Юрьевна — канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отдела патологии рефракции, бинокулярного зрения и офтальмоэргономики.</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana Yu. Larina — Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher of the department of refractive pathology, binocular vision and ophthalmoergonomics.</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2103-1570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панова Анна Юрьевна — канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отдела патологии глаз у детей.</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Yu. Panova — Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher, department of pediatric eye pathology.</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иомдина Е.Н., Кушнаревич Н.Ю., Ларина Т.Ю., Панова А.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иомдина Е.Н., Кушнаревич Н.Ю., Ларина Т.Ю., Панова А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iomdina E.N., Kushnarevich N.Y., Larina T.Y., Panova A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1786">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1786</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — изучение возможности использования транспальпебральной тонометрии (ТПТ) с помощью устройства «Тонотест» у детей младшей возрастной группы (до 5 лет включительно) для скрининг-контроля внутриглазного давления (ВГД). Материал и методы. В рамках скринингового обследования ВГД определяли у 46 детей (92 глаза) в возрасте 5 мес — 5 лет, разделенных на 2 группы. В 1-й группе — 21 ребенок (42 глаза) в возрасте 5 мес — 3 года (в среднем 1,5 ± 1,0 года) — для тонометрии использовали только «Тонотест», а во 2-й группе — 25 детей (50 глаз) в возрасте 3,5–5 лет (в среднем 4,5 ± 0,6 года) — измерение ВГД проводили последовательно (в случайном порядке) двумя методами: с помощью «Тонотеста» и пневмотонометра (Reichert 7 AutoTonometer, США). Результаты. В большинстве случаев дети спокойно переносили процедуру ТПТ, не предъявляли жалоб на дискомфорт, болевые или любые другие неприятные ощущения. Однако у 7 (33 %) детей 1-й группы и у 5 (20 %) детей 2-й группы поведенческие особенности не позволили измерить ВГД. Уровень ВГД по данным ТПТ в 1-й группе составил 16,4 ± 2,9 мм рт. ст. Во 2-й группе величина ВГД по данным «Тонотеста» составила 15,1 ± 2,0 мм рт. ст., по данным пневмотонометра — 16,0 ± 2,1 мм рт. ст. (p = 0,09). Заключение. Показана возможность использования ТПТ для скрининг-контроля ВГД у детей младшей возрастной группы (0–5 лет). Сравнение результатов определения ВГД в группе детей 3,5–5 лет с помощью «Тонотеста» и пневмотонометра показало отсутствие статистически значимых различий между ними. ТПТ с использованием «Тонотеста» позволяет расширить возможности контроля ВГД в детской практике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose of the work was to study the possibility of using transpalpebral tonometry (TPT) using the Tonotest device in younger children (up to and including 5 years old) for screening control of intraocular pressure (IOP). Material and methods. As part of the screening examination, IOP was determined in 46 children (92 eyes) aged 5 months to 5 years, divided into 2 groups. In the 1st group — 21 children (42 eyes) aged 5 months to 3 years (average 1.5 ± 1.0 years) — only Tonotest was used for tonometry, and in the 2nd group — 25 children (50 eyes) aged 3.5 to 5 years (average 4.5 ± 0.6 years) — IOP measurement was performed sequentially (in random order) by two methods — using Tonotest and a pneumotonometer (Reichert 7 AutoTonometer, USA). Results. In most cases, the children tolerated the TPT procedure well and did not complain of discomfort, pain, or any other unpleasant sensations. However, in 7 children (33 %) of the 1st group and in 5 children (20 %) of the 2nd group, behavioral characteristics did not allow measuring IOP. The IOP level according to TPT in the 1st group was 16.4 ± 2.9 mm Hg. In the 2nd group, the IOP value according to Tonotest was 15.1 ± 2.0 mm Hg, according to the pneumotonometer — 16.0 ± 2.1 mm Hg (p = 0.09). Conclusion. The possibility of using TPT for screening control of IOP in younger children (0–5 years old) is shown. Comparison of the results of IOP determination in the group of children aged 3.5–5.0 years using Tonotest and pneumotonometer showed no statistically significant differences between them. TPT using Tonotest allows to expand the possibilities of IOP monitoring in pediatric practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внутриглазное давление</kwd><kwd>транспальпебральная тонометрия</kwd><kwd>пневмотонометрия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intraocular pressure</kwd><kwd>transpalpebral tonometry</kwd><kwd>pneumotonometry</kwd><kwd>young children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филиппова О.М. Транспальпебральная тонометрия: новые возможности регистрации внутриглазного давления. Глаукома. 2004; 1: 54–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filippova O.M. Transpalpebral tonometry: new possibilities of recording intraocular pressure. Glaucoma. 2004; 1: 54–6 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Егоров Е.А., Романова Т.Б., Кац Д.В., Баева Н.Г., Алябьева Ж.Ю. Транспальпебральная тонометрия — перспективный метод контроля внутриглазного давления. РМЖ. Клиническая офтальмология. 2016; 2: 75–8. doi: 10.21689/2311-7729-2016-16-2-75-78</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egorov E.A., Romanova T.B., Katz D.V., Baeva N.G., Alyabyeva Zh.Yu. Transpalpebral tonometry — the perspective method of the IOP control. Russian journal of clinical ophthalmology. 2016; 2: 75–8 (In Russ.). doi: 10.21689/2311-7729-2016-16-2-75-78</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дыкин В.И., Иванищев К.В., Корнев Н.П., Михеев А.А., Соломаха В.Н. Устройство для калибровки тонометра динамического типа ТВГ-01. Медицинская техника. 2013; 3 (279): 18–20. http://mtjournal.ru/upload/iblock/19f/19f866b102198dca2d05c1c9357e5279.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dykin V.I., Ivanishchev K.V., Kornev N.P., Mikheev A.A., Solomakha V.N. Device for calibrating dynamic tonometer TVG-01. Meditsinskaya tekhnika. 2013; 3 (279): 18–20 (In Russ.). http://mtjournal.ru/upload/iblock/19f/19f866b102198dca2d05c1c9357e5279.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иомдина Е.Н., Клевцов Э.А., Иванищев К.В. и др. Экспериментальное моделирование как основа определения оптимальных параметров датчика для транспальпебральной тонометрии. Вестник офтальмологии. 2019; 135 (6): 27–32. https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma201913506127</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iomdina E.N., Klevtsov E.A., Ivanishchev K.V., et al. Experimental simulation for determining optimal design parameters of a transpalpebral tonometry sensor. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2019; 135 (6): 27–32 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma201913506127</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карлова Е.В., Золотарев А.В., Милюдин Е.С., Першакова А.Е. Транспальпебральная тонометрия у пациентов после сквозной кератопластики. Клиническая офтальмология. 2020; 20 (4): 175–9. doi: 10.32364/2311-7729-2020-20-4-175-179</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karlova E.V., Zolotarev A.V., Milyudin E.S., Pershakova A.E. Transpalpebral tonometry after penetrating keratoplasty. Russian journal of clinical ophthalmology. 2020; 20 (4): 175–9 (In Russ.). doi: 10.32364/2311-7729-2020-20-4-175-179</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филиппова О.М., Бессмертный А.М., Кузин М.Н., Петров С.Ю. Перспективы применения тонометра ТВГД-02 для ассистированного мониторинга внутриглазного давления в домашней практике. Российский офтальмологический журнал. 2021; 14 (2): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2021-14-2-27-35</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filippova O.M., Bessmertny A.M., Kuzin M.N., Petrov S.Yu. Prospects of using the TVGD-02 tonometer for assisted monitoring of intraocular pressure at home. Russian ophthalmological journal. 2021; 14 (2): 27–35 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2021-14-2-27-35</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филиппова О.М., Бессмертный А.М., Кузин М.Н., Петров С.Ю. Перспективы мониторинга внутриглазного давления с помощью транспальпебральной тонометрии. Медицина. 2022; 10 (2): 10–24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filippova O.M., Bessmertny A.M., Kuzin M.N., Petrov S.Yu. Prospects for monitoring intraocular pressure using transpalpebral tonometry. Medicine. 2022; 10 (2): 10–24 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кушнаревич Н.Ю., Иомдина Е.Н., Бессмертный А.М., Кузин М.Н. Оценка точности и информативности измерения внутриглазного давления с помощью транспальпебральной тонометрии у пациентов в контактных линзах. Российский офтальмологический журнал. 2020; 13 (2): 23–8. https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2020-13-2-23-28</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kushnarevich N.Yu., Iomdina E.N., Bessmertny A.M., Kuzin M.N. Estimation of the accuracy and informativeness of measuring intraocular pressure in patients with their contact lenses on by transpalpebral scleral tonometry. Russian ophthalmological journal. 2020; 13 (2): 23-8 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2020-13-2-23-28</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salazar-Quiñones L, Fernández-Vigo JI, Pérez-Quiñones Y, et al. Comparison of intraocular pressure measurements between Easyton transpalpebral tonometry and Perkins, iCare iC100 and Corvis ST, and the influence of corneal and anterior scleral thickness. Int Ophthalmol. 2023 Nov; 43 (11): 4121–9. doi: 10.1007/s10792-023-02814-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salazar-Quiñones L, Fernández-Vigo JI, Pérez-Quiñones Y, et al. Comparison of intraocular pressure measurements between Easyton transpalpebral tonometry and Perkins, iCare iC100 and Corvis ST, and the influence of corneal and anterior scleral thickness. Int Ophthalmol. 2023 Nov; 43 (11): 4121–9. doi: 10.1007/s10792-023-02814-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шустеров Ю.А., Ахмадьярова Б.С., Токсанбаева Д.Е. и др. Сравнительный анализ результатов измерения внутриглазного давления тонометром ТВГД-02 (EASYTON) и тонометром Гольдмана у жителей Казахстана монголоидной расы. Российский офтальмологический журнал. 2022; 15 (2): 135–41. https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-2-135-141</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shusterov Yu.A., Akhmadyarova B.S., Toksambaeva D.E., et al. A comparative analysis of intraocular pressure measurement results by the TVGD-02 tonometer (EASYTON) and the Goldman tonometer in ethnic Asians residing in Kazakhstan. Russian ophthalmological journal. 2022; 15 (2): 135–41 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-2-135-141</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тугеева Э.Э., Бржеский В.В. Особенности измерения внутриглазного давления у детей. Офтальмологические ведомости. 2016; 9 (3): 23–31. doi: 10.17816/ov9323-31</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tugeeva E.E., Brzheskiy V.V. Features of measurement of intraocular pressure in children. Ophthalmology Journal. 2016; 9 (3): 23–31 (In Russ.). doi: 10.17816/ov9323-31</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bresson-Dumont H. La mesure de la pression intra-oculaire chez l’enfant [Intraocular pressure measurement in children]. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2009 Mar; 32 (3): 176-81. French. doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2009.03.008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bresson-Dumont H. La mesure de la pression intra-oculaire chez l’enfant [Intraocular pressure measurement in children]. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2009 Mar; 32 (3): 176-81. French. doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2009.03.008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тугеева Э.Э., Воронцова Т.Н., Бржеский В.В., Зайцева М.В. Влияние основных параметров фиброзной капсулы на результаты различных способов офтальмотонометрии у детей. Российская педиатрическая офтальмология. 2015; 10 (2): 38–40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tugeeva E.E., Vorontsova T.N., Brzheskiy V.V., Zaytseva M.V. The influence of the fibrous capsule main parameters on the results of different methods of ophthalmotonometry in children. Russian pediatric ophthalmology. 2015; 2: 38–40 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan WH, Lloyd IC, Ashworth JL, et al. Measurement of intraocular pressure in children in the UK. Eye (Lond). 2011; 25 (1): 119–20. doi: 10.1038/eye.2010.159</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan WH, Lloyd IC, Ashworth JL, et al. Measurement of intraocular pressure in children in the UK. Eye (Lond). 2011; 25 (1): 119–20. doi: 10.1038/eye.2010.159</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kageyama M, Hirooka K, Baba T, Shiraga F. Comparison of ICare rebound tonometer with noncontact tonometer in healthy children. J Glaucoma. 2011 Jan; 20 (1): 63–6. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0b013e3181d12dc4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kageyama M, Hirooka K, Baba T, Shiraga F. Comparison of ICare rebound tonometer with noncontact tonometer in healthy children. J Glaucoma. 2011 Jan; 20 (1): 63–6. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0b013e3181d12dc4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muir KW, Jin J, Freedman SF. Central corneal thickness and its relationship to intraocular pressure in children. Ophthalmology. 2004 Dec; 111 (12): 2220–3. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2004.06.020</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muir KW, Jin J, Freedman SF. Central corneal thickness and its relationship to intraocular pressure in children. Ophthalmology. 2004 Dec; 111 (12): 2220–3. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2004.06.020</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doughty MJ, Laiquzzam M, Müller A, Oblak E, Button NF. Central corneal thickness in European (white) individuals, especially children and the elderly, and assessment of its possible importance in clinical measures of intraocular pressure. Ophthalmic &amp; Physiological Optics. 2002; 22: 491–504. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1475-1313.2002.00053.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doughty MJ, Laiquzzam M, Müller A, Oblak E, Button NF. Central corneal thickness in European (white) individuals, especially children and the elderly, and assessment of its possible importance in clinical measures of intraocular pressure. Ophthalmic &amp; Physiological Optics. 2002; 22: 491–504. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1475-1313.2002.00053.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krzyzanowska-Berkowska P, Asejczyk-Widlicka M, Pierscionek B. Intraocular pressure in a cohort of healthy easten European schoolchildren: variations in method and corneal thickness. BMC Ophthalmology. 2012; 12 (61): 280–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2415-12-61</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krzyzanowska-Berkowska P, Asejczyk-Widlicka M, Pierscionek B. Intraocular pressure in a cohort of healthy easten European schoolchildren: variations in method and corneal thickness. BMC Ophthalmology. 2012; 12 (61): 280–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2415-12-61 8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bradfield YS, Kaminski BM, Repka MX, et al. Comparison of Tono-Pen and Goldmann applanation tonometers for measurement of intraocular pressure in healthy children. J Am Association for Pediatric Ophthalmol and Strabismus. 2012;16 (3): 242–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2011.12.150</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bradfield YS, Kaminski BM, Repka MX, et al. Comparison of Tono-Pen and Goldmann applanation tonometers for measurement of intraocular pressure in healthy children. J Am Association for Pediatric Ophthalmol and Strabismus. 2012;16 (3): 242–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2011.12.150</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tonnu PA, Ho T, Newson T, El Sheikh A, et al. The influence of central corneal thickness and age on intraocular pressure measured by pneumotonometry, non-contact tonometry, the Tono-Pen XL, and Goldmann applanation tonometry. Br J of Ophthalmology. 2005; 89 (7): 851–4. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2004.056622</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonnu PA, Ho T, Newson T, El Sheikh A, et al. The influence of central corneal thickness and age on intraocular pressure measured by pneumotonometry, non-contact tonometry, the Tono-Pen XL, and Goldmann applanation tonometry. Br J of Ophthalmology. 2005; 89 (7): 851–4. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2004.056622</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flemmons MS, Hsiao YC, Dzau J, et al. Icare rebound tonometry in children with known and suspected glaucoma. J AAPOS. 2011 Apr; 15 (2): 153–7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2010.11.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flemmons MS, Hsiao YC, Dzau J, et al. Icare rebound tonometry in children with known and suspected glaucoma. J AAPOS. 2011 Apr; 15 (2): 153–7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2010.11.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu J, Tzu-En, Chen-Chang Yang, Harn-Shen Chen. Does atropine use increase intraocular pressure in myopic children? Optometry and Vision Science. February 2012; 89 (2): 161–7. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e31823ac4c1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu J, Tzu-En, Chen-Chang Yang, Harn-Shen Chen. Does atropine use increase intraocular pressure in myopic children? Optometry and Vision Science. February 2012; 89 (2): 161–7. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e31823ac4c1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lachkar Y, Bouassida W. Drug-induced acute angle closure glaucoma. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2007; 18: 129–33. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e32808738d5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lachkar Y, Bouassida W. Drug-induced acute angle closure glaucoma. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2007; 18: 129–33. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e32808738d5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Musleh MG, Bokre D, Dahlmann-Noor AH. Risk of intraocular pressure elevation after topical steroids in children and adults: A systematic review. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2020 Sep; 30 (5): 856–66. doi: 10.1177/1120672119885050</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Musleh MG, Bokre D, Dahlmann-Noor AH. Risk of intraocular pressure elevation after topical steroids in children and adults: A systematic review. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2020 Sep; 30 (5): 856–66. doi: 10.1177/1120672119885050</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hadjikoutis S, Morgan JE, Wild JM, Smith PE. Ocular complications of neurological therapy. Eur J Neurol. 2005 Jul; 12 (7): 499–507.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hadjikoutis S, Morgan JE, Wild JM, Smith PE. Ocular complications of neurological therapy. Eur J Neurol. 2005 Jul; 12 (7): 499–507.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu CW, Liu XF, Jia ZF. 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored. Lancet. 2020 Feb 22; 395 (10224): e39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30313-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu CW, Liu XF, Jia ZF. 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored. Lancet. 2020 Feb 22; 395 (10224): e39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30313-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yan T, Li Ch, Chen Y. et al. Effect of intraocular pressure on aerosol density generated by noncontact tonometer measurement. J Glaucoma. 2020 Sep 15. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001669</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yan T, Li Ch, Chen Y. et al. Effect of intraocular pressure on aerosol density generated by noncontact tonometer measurement. J Glaucoma. 2020 Sep 15. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001669</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Britt JM, Clifton BC, Barnebey HS, et al. Microaerosol formation in noncontact “air-puff” tonometry [J]. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991. 109 (2): 225–8. doi:10.1001/archopht.1991.010800200710466</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Britt JM, Clifton BC, Barnebey HS, et al. Microaerosol formation in noncontact “air-puff” tonometry [J]. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991. 109 (2): 225–8. doi:10.1001/archopht.1991.010800200710466</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iomdina EN, Kushnarevich NY. Possibilities of monitoring intraocular pressure in children using EASYTON transpalpebral tonometer. Int Ophthalmol. 2022 May; 42 (5): 1631–8. doi: 10.1007/s10792-021-02158-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iomdina EN, Kushnarevich NY. Possibilities of monitoring intraocular pressure in children using EASYTON transpalpebral tonometer. Int Ophthalmol. 2022 May; 42 (5): 1631–8. doi: 10.1007/s10792-021-02158-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weng J, Tsai IL, Kuo LL, et al. Intraocular pressure monitoring by rebound tonometry in children with myopia. Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jul-Sep; 7 (3): 149–54. doi: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_45_17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weng J, Tsai IL, Kuo LL, et al. Intraocular pressure monitoring by rebound tonometry in children with myopia. Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jul-Sep; 7 (3): 149–54. doi: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_45_17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martinez-de-la Casa JM, Garcia-Feijoo J, Saenz-Frances F, et al. Comparison of rebound tonometer and Goldmann handheld applanation tonometer in congenital glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2009; 18 (1): 49–52. https://doi.org/10.1097/IJG.0b013e31816f760c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martinez-de-la Casa JM, Garcia-Feijoo J, Saenz-Frances F, et al. Comparison of rebound tonometer and Goldmann handheld applanation tonometer in congenital glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2009; 18 (1): 49–52. https://doi.org/10.1097/IJG.0b013e31816f760c</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидоренко Е.И., Бондарь Н.О. Проблемы тонометрии в неонатальной офтальмологии. Российская педиатрическая офтальмология. 2009; 2: 46–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorenko E.I., Bondar N.O. Problems of tonometry in neonatal ophthalmology. Russian pediatric ophthalmology. 2009; 2: 46–9 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fayed MA, Chen TC. Pediatric intraocular pressure measurements: Tonometers, central corneal thickness, and anesthesia. Surv Ophthalmol. 2019 Nov-Dec; 64 (6): 810–5. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.05.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fayed MA, Chen TC. Pediatric intraocular pressure measurements: Tonometers, central corneal thickness, and anesthesia. Surv Ophthalmol. 2019 Nov-Dec; 64 (6): 810–5. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.05.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strzalkowska A, Pirlich N, Stingl JV, et al. Intraocular pressure measurement in childhood glaucoma under standardized general anaesthesia: The prospective EyeBIS Study. J Clin Med. 2022 May 18; 11(10): 2846. doi: 10.3390/jcm11102846</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strzalkowska A, Pirlich N, Stingl JV, et al. Intraocular pressure measurement in childhood glaucoma under standardized general anaesthesia: The prospective EyeBIS Study. J Clin Med. 2022 May 18; 11(10): 2846. doi: 10.3390/jcm11102846</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yulia DE, Tan S. Intraocular pressure measurements in paediatric glaucoma: A narrative review on accuracy, tolerability, and ease of use. Med J Malaysia. 2024 Mar; 79 (2): 206–11. PMID: 38553928.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yulia DE, Tan S. Intraocular pressure measurements in paediatric glaucoma: A narrative review on accuracy, tolerability, and ease of use. Med J Malaysia. 2024 Mar; 79 (2): 206–11. PMID: 38553928.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тугеева Э.Э., Воронцова Т.Н. Возможности применения транспальпебрального тонометра ТВГД-01 в детской офтальмологической практике. Российский медицинский журнал. 2013; 2: 61–3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tugeeva E.E., Vorontsova T.N. Possibilities of transpalpebral tonometry by TVGD-1 in children. Russian Medical Journal. 2013; 2: 61–3 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
