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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2025-18-4-91-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1960</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ эффективности ортокератологических и бифокальных мягких контактных линз с высокой аддидацией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of orthokeratology and bifocal soft contact lenses with high add power</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1987-5737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мягков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myagkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даниил Александрович Мягков — врач-исследователь</p><p>ул. Россолимо, д. 11а-б, Москва, 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil A. Myagkov — medical researcher</p><p>11 A, B, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.myagkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «НИИ глазных болезней им. М.М. Краснова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мягков Д.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мягков Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Myagkov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1960">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1960</self-uri><abstract><p>Прогрессирующая миопия у детей связана с риском офтальмопатологии во взрослом возрасте. Для оптического контроля миопии широко применяются ортокератологические линзы (ОКЛ) и бифокальные/мультифокальные мягкие контактные линзы (БМКЛ). Сравнительная оценка их эффективности необходима для персонализации выбора метода контроля миопии у детей.</p><p>Цель работы — сравнить изменение сфероэквивалента рефракции (SE) и аксиальной длины (AL) у детей 8–13 лет с прогрессирующей миопией, пользующихся ОКЛ (в том числе с уменьшенной BOZD / фиксированной RZD) и БМКЛ.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проспективное исследование включало 160 детей 8–13 лет (медианный возраст — 11 лет). SE составлял 1,00–6,00 D, астигматизм £ 0,75 D. С целью контроля миопии детям были предложены на выбор дефокусные очки, БМКЛ и ОКЛ. Участники, выбравшие контактную коррекцию, распределены в группы БМКЛ (n = 70) и ОКЛ (n = 90). Измерения AL и SE в условиях циклоплегии выполняли исходно и через 12 мес после отмены ношения ОКЛ. Статистический анализ проводили с учетом кластеризации по глазам (GEE); для сравнения использовали тест Бруннера — Мюнцеля/ χ² /точный тест Фишера.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. За 12 мес в обеих группах произошло статистически значимое увеличение AL (p &lt; 0,001) и сдвиг SE в сторону усиления миопии (БМКЛ: p = 0,008; ОКЛ: p = 0,002). При стратификации по степени миопии установлено, что при миопии слабой степени SE в обеих группах увеличился (БМКЛ p &lt; 0,001; ОКЛ p = 0,017); при миопии средней степени изменений SE, достигающих значимости, не выявлено (p = 0,125 и p = 0,099). При слабой миопии значимых межгрупповых различий уровня AL исходно / через год нет (p = 0,526/0,933), однако абсолютное увеличение AL за год больше в группе ОКЛ (p = 0,011). При миопии средней степени исходная AL была несколько выше в БМКЛ (p = 0,067); через год межгрупповые различия AL оказались статистически незначимыми (p = 0,141). Взаимосвязь изменений AL и SE: в целом по когорте корреляция отсутствует (ρ = 0,07; p = 0,299); в ОКЛ связи нет (ρ = 0,10; p = 0,326), в БМКЛ — тенденция к положительной ассоциации (ρ = 0,21; p = 0,07); межгрупповых различий силы / направления связи не выявлено (p = 0,115). В группе БМКЛ отмечен дропаут 5,7 %, в группе ОКЛ — 0,0 % (p = 0,035).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. ОКЛ и БМКЛ в течение года продемонстрировали сопоставимую клиническую эффективность в замедлении аксиального удлинения у детей 8–13 лет. При слабой миопии на фоне ОКЛ и БМКЛ значимых различий по AL не обнаружено; при средней миопии межгрупповые различия также не доказаны. Согласно данным литературы, эффективность стандартных ОКЛ (СОКЛ) выше у пациентов с миопией средней степени, тогда как при слабой миопии эффект выражен слабее. Поскольку в нашем исследовании СОКЛ не были отдельной группой наблюдения, сопоставления носят косвенный характер. Для корректной оценки сравнительной эффективности трех подходов к контролю миопии в долгосрочном горизонте требуются проспективные пролонгированные исследования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Progressive myopia in children is associated with a risk of ophthalmic pathology in adulthood. Orthokeratology lenses (OKLs) and bifocal/ multifocal soft contact lenses (BSCLs) are widely used for optical control of myopia. Comparative evaluation of their effectiveness is necessary for personalizing the choice of myopia control method in children.</p><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to compare the change in spherical equivalent refraction (SE) and axial length (AL) in children aged 8–13 years with progressive myopia using OKLs (including those with reduced BOZD/fixed RZD) and BMCLs.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The prospective study included 160 children aged 8–13 years (median age 11 years). SE was 1.00–6.00 D, astigmatism £ 0.75 D. To control myopia, children were offered a choice of defocus spectacles, BSCL, and OKL. Participants who chose contact correction were assigned to the BMCL (n = 70) or OKL (n = 90) groups. AL and SE measurements under cycloplegia were performed at baseline and 12 months after discontinuation of OKL wearing. Statistical analysis was performed taking into account clustering by eyes (GEE); the Brunner — Munzel/χ²/Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Over 12 months, a statistically significant increase in AL (p &lt; 0.001) and a shift in SE towards increased myopia occurred in both groups (BSCL: p = 0.008; OKL: p = 0.002). When stratifying by the degree of myopia, it was found that with mild myopia, SE increased in both groups (BSCL, p &lt; 0.001; OKL, p = 0.017); with moderate myopia, no significant changes in SE were found (p = 0.125 and p = 0.099). With mild myopia, there were no significant intergroup differences in AL levels initially/after one year (p = 0.526/0.933); however, the absolute increase in AL over one year was greater in the OKL group (p = 0.011). With moderate myopia, the initial AL was slightly higher in the BSCL (p = 0.067); after one year, intergroup differences in AL were statistically insignificant (p = 0.141). The relationship between AL and SE changes: there is no correlation for the cohort as a whole (ρ = 0.07; p = 0.299); In OKL there was no association (ρ = 0.10; p = 0.326), in BSCL there was a tendency towards a positive association (ρ = 0.21; p = 0.07); no intergroup differences in the strength/direction of the association were found (p = 0.115). A 5.7 % dropout was observed in the BSCL group, while in the OKL group it was 0.0 % (p = 0.035).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. OKL and BSCL demonstrated comparable clinical efficacy in slowing down axial elongation in children aged 8–13 years over the course of a year. No significant differences in AL were found in the presence of mild myopia with OKL and BSCL; intergroup differences were also not proven with moderate myopia. According to the literature, the efficacy of standard OKL (SOKL) is higher in patients with moderate myopia, while the effect is weaker in patients with mild myopia. Since SOKL was not a separate observation group in our study, the comparisons are indirect. Prospective, long-term studies are required to accurately evaluate the comparative effectiveness of three approaches to myopia control over the long term.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>прогрессирующая миопия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>контроль миопии</kwd><kwd>ортокератологические линзы</kwd><kwd>бифокальные мягкие контактные линзы</kwd><kwd>аксиальная длина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>progressive myopia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>myopia control</kwd><kwd>orthokeratology lenses</kwd><kwd>bifocal soft contact lenses</kwd><kwd>axial length</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dolgin E. The myopia boom. Nature. 2015; 519 (7543): 276–8. doi:10.1038/519276a</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dolgin E. The myopia boom. 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