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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2025-18-4-113-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-1963</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНО-ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL AND LABORATORY STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Альфа-2-макроглобулин слезной жидкости: шаг в диагностике опухолей слезной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alpha-2-macroglobulin in tear fluid: a step in diagnosis of lacrimal gland tumors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9284-4838</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амирян</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amiryan</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ануш Гамлетовна Амирян — д-р мед. наук, доцент, главный научный сотрудник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России, доцент кафедры непрерывного медицинского образования, ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062, </p><p>ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1, Москва, 127473</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anush G. Amiryan — Dr. of Med. Sci., principal researcher of ocular oncology and radiology department Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, assistant professor of chair of eye diseases, Russian University of Medicine</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062, </p><p>20, Bldg. 1, Delegatskaya St., Mosсow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amiryan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8591-428X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саакян</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saakyan</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Владимировна Саакян — член-корр. РАН, д-р мед. наук, профессор, начальник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии, ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России, заведующая учебной частью кафедры глазных болезней, ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062, </p><p>ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1, Москва, 127473</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Saakyan — corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr of Med. Sci.,  professor,  head  of  ocular  oncology and radiology department Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, deputy director of education, chair of eye diseases, Russian University of Medicine</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062, </p><p>20, Bldg. 1, Delegatskaya St., Mosсow, 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусакова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusakova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Юрьевна Гусакова — аспирант отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya Yu. Gusakova — PhD Student, ocular oncology and radiology department</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7557-4955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безнос</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beznos</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Валерьевна Безнос — научный сотрудник отдела патофизиологии и биохимии</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Beznos — researcher, pathophysiology and biochemistry department</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8032-4248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Аркадьевна Павленко — канд. мед. наук, начальник отдела патофизиологии и биохимии</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Pavlenko — Cand. of Med. Sci., head of the pathophysiology and biochemistry department</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases;&#13;
Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>113</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Амирян А.Г., Саакян С.В., Гусакова М.Ю., Безнос О.В., Павленко Т.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Амирян А.Г., Саакян С.В., Гусакова М.Ю., Безнос О.В., Павленко Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Amiryan A.G., Saakyan S.V., Gusakova M.Y., Beznos O.V., Pavlenko T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1963">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/1963</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — изучить активность белка острой фазы воспаления альфа-2-макроглобулина (α2-МГ) в слезной жидкости (СЖ) у больных с различными морфологическими вариантами опухолей слезной железы (ОСЖ).</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование вошли 33 пациента с морфологически верифицированным диагнозом ОСЖ. Для сравнительной оценки дополнительно набрана группа контроля (здоровые лица). Забор СЖ проводили из обоих глаз до операции с помощью фильтровальной бумаги. Активность α2-МГ определяли ферментативным методом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При эпителиальных опухолях СЖ — плеоморфной аденоме и раке СЖ — повышена активность α2-МГ в СЖ на стороне поражения по сравнению с контролем. При этом в 67 % (n = 4) случаев рака СЖ отмечена тенденция к увеличению активности α2-МГ также и на здоровой стороне. При лимфомах СЖ значимых отличий от нормы в активности α2-МГ в СЖ как на стороне опухоли, так и на здоровой стороне не выявлено. Активность α2-МГ не зависела от объема опухоли и особенностей клинический картины. У больных раком СЖ с длительностью анамнеза более 10 мес выявлены высокие показатели активности α2-МГ в СЖ на контралатеральной здоровой стороне.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Впервые проведенная оценка активности белка α2-МГ в СЖ выявила ее характерные особенности при различных морфологических вариантах ОСЖ. Поиск биохимических маркеров в СЖ открывает новые возможности для изучения патогенеза опухолей данной категории, что может способствовать разработке персонализированной терапии. Полученные данные позволяют улучшить диагностику ОСЖ и могут быть применены в клинической практике в системе комплексной диагностики на этапе предоперационной подготовки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the work was to study the activity of the acute phase inflammation protein alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2-MG) in the tear fluid (TF) of patients with different morphological variants of lacrimal gland tumors (LGT).</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 33 patients with morphologically verified diagnosis of LGT. The control group (healthy individuals) was additionally recruited for comparative evaluation. TF was collected from both eyes before surgery using filter paper. The activity of α2-MG was determined by enzymatic method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was revealed that in epithelial tumors of the LG — pleomorphic adenoma and lacrimal gland carcinoma, there was an increase of α2-MG activity in the TF on the side of the lesion compared to the control group. At the same time, in 67 % (n = 4) of LG carcinoma cases there was a tendency to increase α2-MG activity also on the healthy side. In LG lymphomas, no significant differences from the norm in α2-MG activity in the TF both on the tumor side and on the healthy side could be detected. The α2-MG activity did not depend on the tumor volume and clinical features. In patients with LG carcinoma with a history of more than 10 months, high values of α2-MG activity in the TF on the contralateral healthy side were detected.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For the first time we evaluated the activity of α2-MG protein in the TF and showed characteristic features in different morphologic variants of LGT. The search for biochemical markers in TF opens new opportunities for studying the pathogenesis of this category tumors, which may contribute to the development of personalized therapy. The obtained data allow to improve diagnostics of LGT and can be applied in clinical practice in the system of complex diagnostics at the stage of preoperative preparation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слезная железа</kwd><kwd>новообразования слезной железы</kwd><kwd>опухоли слезной железы</kwd><kwd>α-2-макроглобулин</kwd><kwd>опухоли орбиты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lacrimal gland</kwd><kwd>neoplasms of the lacrimal gland</kwd><kwd>tumors of the lacrimal gland</kwd><kwd>α-2-macroglobulin</kwd><kwd>orbital tumors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Von Holstein SL, Therkildsen MH, Prause JU, et al. 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