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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2026-19-1-161-173</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-2064</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTITIONERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Первичная меланома орбиты. Серия клинических случаев</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Primary orbital melanoma. A case series</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9284-4838</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амирян</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amiryan</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ануш Гамлетовна Амирян — д-р мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anush G. Amiryan — Dr. of Med. Sci., leading researcher, ocular oncology and radiology department</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amiryan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8591-428X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саакян</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saakyan</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Владимировна Саакян — д-р мед. наук, профессор, членкорреспондент РАН, начальник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии, ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России; заведующая учебной частью кафедры глазных болезней НОИ непрерывного профессионального образования им. Н.Д. Ющука, ФГБОУ ВПО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062, </p><p>ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4, Москва, 127006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Saakyan — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, corresponding member of RAS, head of ocular oncology and radiology department, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases; deputy director of education, chair of ophthalmology, Russian University of medicine</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062, </p><p>4, Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow, 127006</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9475-3545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганков</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsygankov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Юрьевич Цыганков — канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии, ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России; ассистент кафедры глазных болезней НОИ непрерывного профессионального образования им. Н.Д. Ющука, ФГБОУ ВПО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062, </p><p>ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4, Москва, 127006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander Yu. Tsygankov — Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher, ocular oncology and radiology department, Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases; assistant of chair of ophthalmology, Russian University of medicine</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062, </p><p>4, Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow, 127006</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жаров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Александрович Жаров — научный сотрудник, врач-патологоанатом</p><p>ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei A. Zharov — researcher, pathologist</p><p>14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВПО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases;&#13;
Russian University of medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>161</fpage><lpage>173</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Амирян А.Г., Саакян С.В., Цыганков А.Ю., Жаров А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Амирян А.Г., Саакян С.В., Цыганков А.Ю., Жаров А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Amiryan A.G., Saakyan S.V., Tsygankov A.Y., Zharov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/2064">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/2064</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — ретроспективный анализ клинических, инструментальных и патоморфологических особенностей первичной меланомы орбиты на основе собственных наблюдений в период с 2007 по 2024 г.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Шесть случаев первичной меланомы орбиты обследованы и пролечены на базе отдела офтальмоонкологии и радиологии НМИЦ ГБ им. Гельмгольца. Возраст пациентов на момент постановки диагноза варьировал от 18 до 65 лет (в среднем 48,0 ± 17,6 года). У 2 пациентов имелся окулодермальный меланоз. Длительность анамнеза варьировала от 3 мес до 3 лет. Представлены особенности клинической картины, результаты инструментальных методов исследования и патоморфологические характеристики. Проведена оценка клинического течения заболевания на этапах динамического наблюдения пациентов, и определены особенности витального прогноза с учетом тактики ведения и патоморфологических особенностей опухоли.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Основные клинические признаки включали экзофтальм (n = 6), ограничение подвижности глаза (n = 4) и частичный птоз (n = 3). Развитие метастатической болезни наступило у 3 из 6 пациентов: в легкие, печень и головной мозг в сроки через 12, 18 и 48 мес после начала лечения соответственно. Неблагоприятный прогноз имеют опухоли эпителиоидного и смешанного клеточного типа с высоким количеством митотических клеток, врожденный меланоз. Продолжительность жизни пациентов, подвергшихся дистанционному облучению после удаления опухоли, оказалась выше.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Первичная меланома орбиты — редкая агрессивная опухоль, не имеет специфической клиникоинструментальной симптоматики, что затрудняет диагностику и симулирует доброкачественную опухоль орбиты. Необходима онконастороженность в развитии данной патологии у пациентов с первичным окулодермальным меланозом. При верификации требуется пожизненное динамическое наблюдение. На витальный прогноз пациентов влияет как гистологический тип опухоли, так и своевременное проведение лучевой терапии после хирургического лечения. Для лучшего понимания патогенеза заболевания необходима консолидация и проведение мультицентровых исследований с изучением генетического профиля заболевания с целью последующей разработки оптимальной терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. Retrospective analysis of clinical, instrumental and pathomorphologic features of primary orbital melanoma based on our own observations between 2007 and 2024.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 6 cases of primary melanoma of the orbit were examined and treated at the Department of Ophthalmic Oncology and Radiology of the Helmholtz Medical Center of the Russian Ministry of Health. The age of the patients at the time of diagnosis ranged from 18 to 65 years (mean — 48.0 ± 17.6 years). 2 patients had oculodermal melanosis. The clinical course of the disease at the stages of dynamic follow-up of the patients and the peculiarities of vital prognosis taking into account the management tactics and pathomorphological features of the tumor were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The duration of the history varied from 3 months to 3 years. The main clinical signs included exophthalmos (n = 6), restricted eye movement (n = 4) and partial ptosis (n = 3). The development of metastatic disease occurred in 3 of 6 patients: to the lungs, liver, and brain in 12, 18, and 48 months after the start of treatment, respectively. Epithelioid and mixed cell type tumors with high number of mitotic cells, congenital melanosis were the indicators of unfavorable prognosis. Life expectancy was higher in patients who underwent remote irradiation after tumor removal.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Primary orbital melanoma is a rare, aggressive orbital tumor that does not have specific clinical and instrumental symptoms, which complicates the diagnosis and simulates a benign orbital tumor. It is necessary to be alert to the development of this pathology in patients with primary oculodermal melanosis, which requires lifelong dynamic monitoring. The vital prognosis of patients is influenced by both the histological type of the tumor and early radiation therapy after surgical treatment. For a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, it is necessary to consolidate and conduct multicenter studies with the study of the genetic profile of the disease to subsequently search for and develop optimal therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухоль орбиты</kwd><kwd>первичная меланома</kwd><kwd>меланомы орбиты</kwd><kwd>первичная меланома орбиты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>orbital tumor</kwd><kwd>primary melanoma</kwd><kwd>orbital melanoma</kwd><kwd>primary orbital melanoma</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shields CL, Shields JA. Ocular melanoma: relatively rare but requiring respect. Clin Dermatol. 2009; 27: 122–33. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2008.09.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shields CL, Shields JA. Ocular melanoma: relatively rare but requiring respect. 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