helmholtzeyeinstituteРоссийский офтальмологический журналRussian Ophthalmological Journal2072-00762587-5760Real time Publishers10.21516/2072-0076-2026-19-3-15-21helmholtzeyeinstitute-2216Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯCLINICAL STUDIESЭтнические различия биометрических характеристик переднего отрезка глаза у пациентов с первичной глаукомой и без глаукомы в Республике Саха (Якутия)Ethnic differences in biometric characteristics of the anterior segment of the eye in patients with primary glaucoma and without glaucoma in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9449-321XЗахароваЕ. К.ZakharovaE. K.

Екатерина Кимовна Захарова — канд. мед. наук, заведующая отделением высокотехнологичной помощи Якутская РОКБ, доцент базовой кафедры офтальмологии Северо-Восточный ФУ им. М.К. Аммосова.

Ул. Свердлова, д. 15, Якутск, 677005; ул. Белинского, д. 58, Якутск, 677013

Ekaterina K. Zakharova — Cand. of Med. Sci., head of thef the high-tech care department Yakutsk ROCH, associate professor, basic chair of ophthalmology NFU named after M. K. Ammosov.

15, Sverdlova St., Yakutsk, 677005; 58, Belinsky St., Yakutsk, 677013

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3679-8619МалишевскаяТ. Н.MalishevskayaT. N.

Татьяна Николаевна Малишевская — д-р мед. наук, заведующая отделением аналитической работы.

Ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062

Tatiana N. Malishevskaya — Dr. of Med. Sci., head of the department of analytics.

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

malishevskoff@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1534ЛуцканИ. П.LutskanI. P.

Иван Петрович Луцкан — канд. мед. наук, доцент, главный врач.

Ул. Свердлова, д. 15, Якутск, 677005

Ivan P. Lutskan — Cand. of Med. Sci., associate professor, chief physician.

15, Sverdlova St., Yakutsk, 677005

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6922-0464ПетровС. Ю.PetrovS. Yu.

Сергей Юрьевич Петров — д-р мед. наук, начальник отдела глаукомы.

Ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д. 14/19, Москва, 105062

Sergey Yu. Petrov — Dr. of Med. Sci., head of the glaucoma department.

14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5327-757XФедотовД. А.FedotovD. A.

Денис Артурович Федотов — ординатор.

Ул. Свердлова, д. 15, Якутск, 677005

Denis A. Fedotov — resident.

15, Sverdlova St., Yakutsk, 677005

Якутская республиканская офтальмологическая клиническая больница; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М.К. АммосоваРоссияYakutsk Republican Ophthalmological Clinical Hospital; Northeastern Federal University named after M.K. AmmosovRussian FederationФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава РоссииРоссияHelmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye DiseasesRussian FederationЯкутская республиканская офтальмологическая клиническая больницаРоссияYakutsk Republican Ophthalmological Clinical HospitalRussian Federation2026280920261931521Copyright © Захарова Е.К., Малишевская Т.Н., Луцкан И.П., Петров С.Ю., Федотов Д.А., 20262026Захарова Е.К., Малишевская Т.Н., Луцкан И.П., Петров С.Ю., Федотов Д.А.Zakharova E.K., Malishevskaya T.N., Lutskan I.P., Petrov S.Y., Fedotov D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/2216

В Республике Саха (Якутия) (РС (Я)) зарегистрирована высокая распространенность первичной закрытоугольной глаукомы (ПЗУГ).

Цель работы — выявление биометрических особенностей переднего отдела глаза у пациентов якутской и европейской популяций, связанных с риском ПЗУГ.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. В ретроспективное поперечное исследование включен 281 пациент с катарактой (422 глаза) в возрасте 68,58 ± 6,94 года, из них 79 (28,1 %) пациентов (106 глаз) европейской популяции и 202 (71,9 %) пациента (316 глаз) коренных жителя РС (Я) — якутов, которым проведена оптическая биометрия (Lenstar LS 900).

Результаты

Результаты. Установлено, что у якутов без глаукомы достоверно меньше, чем у европеоидов, центральная толщина роговицы (ССТ), ее диаметр (WTW) и глубина передней камеры (ACD). Сдвиг относительного положения хрусталика (RLP) свидетельствует о его более передней локализации. Логистическая регрессия выделила три независимых предиктора, связанных с этнической принадлежностью и риском ПЗУГ: величины CCT, WTW и RLP. Комбинированная модель CCT + WTW + RLP показала удовлетворительную дискриминационную способность (AUC = 0,743). Сравнительный анализ результатов хирургии ПЗУГ у якутов выявил, что факоэмульсификация катаракты (ФЭК) обеспечивает более глубокую переднюю камеру и достоверно более низкое внутриглазное давление в отдаленном периоде, чем лазерная иридэктомия.

Заключение

Заключение. Выявленный у якутов комплекс биометрических особенностей объясняет высокий риск ПЗУГ. ФЭК следует рассматривать как приоритетный метод хирургического лечения ПЗУГ в данной этнической группе.

A high prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) has been reported in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).

The purpose of this study was to identify biometric features of the anterior segment of the eye associated with the risk of PACG in patients of the Yakut and European populations. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 281 patients with cataract (422 eyes) aged 68,58 ± 6,94 including 79 patients (106 eyes) of the European population and 202 patients (316 eyes) of the indigenous inhabitants of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) — Yakuts, examined by optical biometry (Lenstar LS 900).

Results

Results. It was found that Yakuts without glaucoma, compared with Europeans, have significantly lower central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal diameter (WTW), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and relative lens position (RLP), indicating a more anterior position of the lens. Logistic regression identified three independent predictors of ethnicity associated with the risk of PACG: values of CCT, WTW, and RLP. The combined CCT + WTW + RLP model demonstrated satisfactory discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.743). A comparison of PACG surgical techniques in Yakuts revealed that phacoemulsification of cataracts (PEC) provides a deeper anterior chamber and significantly lower IOP in the long-term period compared to laser iridectomy.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The complex of biometric features identified in Yakuts explains the high risk of PACG. PEC should be considered a priority method for the surgical treatment of PACG in this ethnic group.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.