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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2026-19-3-111-115</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-2234</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTITIONERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Длительно существующая меланома хориоидеи с транссклеральным и интракраниальным распространением. Клиническое наблюдение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Long-standing choroidal melanoma with transscleral and intracranial extension. Clinical case</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0148-7298</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серова</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serova</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Константиновна Серова — д-р мед. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia K. Serova — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, principal researcher.</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">NSerova@nsi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8411-5152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Николаевна Григорьева — врач-офтальмолог отдела офтальмологии.</p><p>Ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda N. Grigorieva — ophthalmologist, ophthalmology department</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4731-638X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмелькова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shmelkova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Сергеевна Шмелькова — канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отдела офтальмологии.</p><p>Ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria S. Shmelkova — Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher, ophthalmology department.</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6881-7082</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черекаев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherekaev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Алексеевич Черекаев — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий отделением краниоорбитальной нейрохирургии.</p><p>Ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily A. Cherekaev — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, head of cranial-orbital neurosurgery department.</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-6365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Владимировна Рыжова — д-р мед. наук, заведующая отделением патоморфологии.</p><p>Ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Ryzhova — Dr. of Med. Sci., head of pathology department</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананян</surname><given-names>Т. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananyan</surname><given-names>T. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тагуи Тиграновна Ананян — аспирант отделения краниоорбитальной нейрохирургии.</p><p>Ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taguyi T. Ananyan — PhD student, department of cranio-orbital neurosurgery.</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «НМИЦ нейрохирургии им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Burdenko Neurosurgical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>111</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Серова Н.К., Григорьева Н.Н., Шмелькова М.С., Черекаев В.А., Рыжова М.В., Ананян Т.Т., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Серова Н.К., Григорьева Н.Н., Шмелькова М.С., Черекаев В.А., Рыжова М.В., Ананян Т.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serova N.K., Grigorieva N.N., Shmelkova M.S., Cherekaev V.A., Ryzhova M.V., Ananyan T.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/2234">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/2234</self-uri><abstract><p>Меланомы хориоидеи (МХ) развиваются из клеток меланоцитарного ряда хориоидеи в результате их злокачественной трансформации. Это наиболее распространенный вид внутриглазных злокачественных опухолей, на долю которых приходится около 85 % всех злокачественных новообразований глаза. МХ отличается высоким метастатическим потенциалом и относится к наиболее злокачественным опухолям. Как правило, даже при своевременном выявлении первичного очага и успешном его удалении с последующим лечением в течение дальнейших 5 лет обнаруживаются метастатические очаги, преимущественно в печени, что представляет существенную угрозу жизни пациента. Одним из факторов, обуславливающих злокачественную трансформацию меланоцитов хориоидеи является генетическая предрасположенность. В некоторых случаях МХ экспансивно распространяется через склеру, формируя экстрабульбарные опухолевые очаги. По данным литературы, экстрасклеральное распространение МХ встречается в 2–3 % случаев при постановке первичного диагноза и ассоциировано с менее благоприятным витальным прогнозом и более агрессивным течением. В статье представлено клиническое наблюдение длительно существующей МХ, что привело к выраженному транссклеральному росту и интракраниальному распространению опухоли без явных клинических проявлений метастазирования на момент лечения в Центре нейрохирургии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Choroidal melanoma (CM) originates from melanocytes residing in the uveal tract due to their malignant transformation. It affects the choroid and is considered the most frequent primary intraocular cancer in adulthood, comprising 85 % of all eye neoplasms and is associated with high metastatic risk, which makes it one of the most aggressive tumors. Despite earlier successful local treatment of the primary tumor, up to half of all CM patients will eventually develop metastatic disease, particularly to the liver, which makes survival prognosis poor. One of the factors that initiates melanocytic malignant transformation is genetic predisposition. In some cases, CM presents with extrascleral extension forming extrabulbar tumor foci. The literature suggests that extraocular tumor extension has been noted to occur in up to 2–3 % of cases primarily presenting with uveal melanoma and is associated with poor vital prognosis and more aggressive disease course. Herein, we report a case study of long-standing choroidal melanoma that has resulted in significant transscleral tumor growth and its intracranial extension presenting no signs of metastatic disease at the time of presentation to the Burdenko Neurosurgical Center.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома</kwd><kwd>хориоидея</kwd><kwd>транссклеральное распространение</kwd><kwd>интракраниальное распространение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>melanoma</kwd><kwd>choroid</kwd><kwd>transscleral extension</kwd><kwd>intracranial extension</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">никто из авторов не имеет финансовой заинтересованности в представленных материалах или методах</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">no author has a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doherty RE, Alfawaz M, Francis J, et al. 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