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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2026-19-3-174-177</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-2244</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хирургическое лечение рефрактерных макулярных разрывов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical treatment of refractory macular holes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файзрахманов</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fayzrahmanov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ринат Рустамович Файзрахманов — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой глазных болезней.</p><p>Ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70, Москва, 105203</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rinat R. Fayzrahmanov — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, head of chair of eye diseases.</p><p>70, Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya St., Moscow, 105203</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалова</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalova</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карина Игоревна Коновалова — канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры глазных болезней, врач-офтальмолог.</p><p>Ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70, Москва, 105203</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karina I. Konovalova — Cand. of Med. Sci., associate professor, of chair of eye diseases.</p><p>70, Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya St., Moscow, 105203</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородкина</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodkina</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вера Николаевна Бородкина — ординатор 1-го года кафедры глазных болезней.</p><p>Ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70, Москва, 105203</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera N. Borodkina — 1st year resident of chair of eye diseases.</p><p>70, Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya St., Moscow, 105203</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.saintveraxx@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Ильинична Егорова — ординатор 2-го года кафедры глазных болезней.</p><p>Ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70, Москва, 105203</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia I. Egorova — 2nd year resident of chair of eye diseases.</p><p>70, Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya St., Moscow, 105203</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ИУВ ФГБУ «НМХЦ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>174</fpage><lpage>177</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Файзрахманов Р.Р., Коновалова К.И., Бородкина В.Н., Егорова А.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Файзрахманов Р.Р., Коновалова К.И., Бородкина В.Н., Егорова А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fayzrahmanov R.R., Konovalova K.I., Borodkina V.N., Egorova A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/2244">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/2244</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на множество существующих хирургических способов закрытия макулярного разрыва (МР), поиск наиболее эффективной хирургической тактики в случае рефрактерных МР представляет особый интерес. В данной статье представлен анализ литературы, освещающей методы закрытия рефрактерных МР с использованием свободного лоскута внутренней пограничной мембраны, аутологичного трансплантата нейроэпителия сетчатки, амниотической мембраны, фрагмента задней и передней капсулы хрусталика, а также гидродиссекции МР, выделены особенности анатомического и функционального исхода лечения с использованием указанных методик.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the numerous existing surgical techniques for macular hole (MH) closure, the search for the most effective surgical approach for refractory MH is of particular interest. This article presents an analysis of the literature covering methods for refractory MH closure using a free internal limiting membrane flap, autologous retinal neuroepithelial graft, amniotic membrane, posterior and anterior lens capsule fragments, and MH hydrodissection. The anatomical and functional outcomes of these techniques are highlighted.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>макулярный разрыв</kwd><kwd>витреоретинальная хирургия</kwd><kwd>гидродиссекция макулярного разрыва</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macular hole</kwd><kwd>vitreoretinal surgery</kwd><kwd>hydrodissection of macular hole</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">никто из авторов не имеет финансовой заинтересованности в представленных материалах или методах</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">no author has a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khan TH, Rizvi SF, Mahmood SA, Feroz L. Treatment of chronic large and persistent macular hole by a new technique in a Tertiary Care Hospital. 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