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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2020-13-3-81-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-491</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTITIONERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт факоэмульсификации заднеполярной катаракты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Our experience of posterior polar cataract phacoemulsification</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иошин</surname><given-names>И. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ioshin</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Эдуардович Иошин — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий офтальмологическим отделением.</p><p>Ул. Лосиноостровская, д. 45,  Москва, 107143</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor E. Ioshin — Dr.  of Med.  Sci.,  professor, head  of ophthalmological department.</p><p>45, Losinoostrovskaya St., Moscow, 107143</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толчинская</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolchinskaya</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Ивановна Толчинская — доктор медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог Айна Альвиевна Оздербаева — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог.</p><p>Ул. Лосиноостровская, д. 45,  Москва, 107143</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna I. Tolchinskaya — Dr. of Med.  Sci., ophthalmologist.</p><p>45, Losinoostrovskaya St., Moscow, 107143</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">atolchinskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оздербаева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ozderbayeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Азер Мамад Оглы Багиров — врач-офтальмолог.</p><p>Ул. Лосиноостровская, д. 45,  Москва, 107143</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aina A. Ozderbayeva — Сand. of Med.  Sci., ophthalmologist.</p><p>45, Losinoostrovskaya St., Moscow, 107143</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багиров</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baghirov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Azer M.Baghirov — ophthalmologist.</p><p>45, Losinoostrovskaya St., Moscow, 107143</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Клиническая больница» Управделами Президента РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Hospital, Office  of the President of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иошин И.Э., Толчинская А.И., Оздербаева А.А., Багиров А.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иошин И.Э., Толчинская А.И., Оздербаева А.А., Багиров А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ioshin I.E., Tolchinskaya A.I., Ozderbayeva A.A., Baghirov A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/491">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/491</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — анализ результатов факоэмульсификации заднеполярной катаракты (ЗПК) с учетом некоторых особенностей  техники хирургии.</p><sec><title>Материал  и методы</title><p>Материал  и методы.  Обследовано  14 пациентов (26 глаз)  в возрасте  до 50 (8 человек)  и старше 50 (6 человек)  лет с ЗПК.  Острота зрения до операции составила  0,3–0,6. Операции  выполнены одним хирургом на факоэмульсификаторе Infiniti Vision System (Alcon). Во всех случаях имплантированы заднекамерные ИОЛ (в 24 случаях достигнута полная внутрикапсульная, в 2 — смешанная фиксация). Срок наблюдения составил от 1 года до 10 лет. Основные особенности предложенной техники операции: для стабильного положения передней/задней камеры введение растворов и капсулорексис проводятся через парацентезы до формирования основного разреза; полный отказ от гидродиссекции, гидроделинеации на этапе подготовки к эмульсификации собственно ядра, отказ от дополнительной гидродиссекции остаточного эпинуклеуса перед его аспирацией, выбор режима постоянного торсионного ультразвука (УЗ) для уменьшения  колебательных движений  фрагментов ядра, уменьшение параметров гидродинамики (высота бутылки для ирригации — не более 70 мм, аспирация — не более 30 см3/мин, вакуум — не более 250 mmHg  на приборе Infiniti  Vision System), техника последовательного сегментарного  пошагового  разлома  ядра во время факоэмульсификации катаракты (ФЭК)  с минимальным  вращением фрагментов при снижении мощности УЗ (до 30 %), выбор раздельной бимануальной  техники ирригации/аспирации для более прогнозируемой  глубины передней камеры, в том числе и при извлечении наконечников, которое можно проводить раздельно,  отказ  от полировки задней капсулы  для профилактики механического контакта и повреждения  задней капсулы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты.  Послеоперационный период протекал  без осложнений. Максимально корригированная острота зрения улучшилась  у всех пациентов:  до 0,4–0,5 (4 глаза), 0,6–0,8 (16 глаз),  0,9–1,0 (6 глаз). В отдаленном послеоперационном периоде 4 пациентам потребовалась лазерная дисцизия вторичных помутнений задней капсулы хрусталика.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о возможности успешной ФЭК с минимальной частотой осложнений у пациентов с ЗПК. В данной практике были использованы  известные хирургические приемы, направленные на снижение колебаний давления как в капсульном  мешке, так и в передней камере в целом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to analyze posterior polar cataract (PPC) phacoemulsification results with regard to surgery technique.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 14 PPC patients (26 eyes) were examined; 8 of them under 50 years and 6, over 50. Before surgery, visual acuity was 0.3–0.6. The operations were performed by one and the same surgeon on an Infiniti Vision System phacoemulsifier (Alcon). In all cases, posterior chamber IOLs were implanted (in 24 cases, complete intracapsular fixation was achieved, in 2 cases, mixed fixation). The follow-up was 1 to 10 years. The main features of the proposed surgery technique: 1) to ensure a stable position of the anterior/posterior chamber, the introduction of solutions and  capsulorhexis are carried out through paracentesis before the main incision is made, 2) complete rejection of hydrodissection, hydrodelineation at the stage of preparation for the emulsification  of the core itself, as well as rejection of additional  hydrodissection of residual epinucleus before its aspiration, 3) the choice of constant torsion ultrasound mode to reduce the oscillatory movements of nuclear fragments, 4) reduction of hydrodynamic parameters (irrigation bottle height no more than 70 mm, aspiration no more than 30 cc/min, vacuum no more than 250 mmHg on the Infiniti  Vision System), 5) technique of sequential segmental stepwise fracture of the nucleus during emulsification  with minimal  rotation of fragments while reducing the ultrasonic power (up to 30%),  6) selection of a separate bimanual  irrigation / aspiration technique for a more predictable anterior chamber depth, in particular when extracting tips that can be carried out separately, 7) rejection of polishing the posterior capsule for the prevention of mechanical  contact and damage to the posterior capsule.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The postoperative period was uneventful. Best corrected visual acuity improved in all patients: to 0.4–0.5 (4), 0.6–0.8 (16), 0.9–1.0 (6). In the late postoperative period, 4 patients required a laser dissection of secondary opacities in the posterior lens capsule.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained functional results demonstrate the possibility of successful phacoemulsification with the minimum incidence of complications in patients with PPC. In the reported practice, the known surgical techniques aimed at reducing pressure fluctuations in the capsule bag as well as in the anterior chamber as a whole, were used.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>заднеполярная катаракта</kwd><kwd>особенности факоэмульсификации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retinoblastoma</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>optic nerve head</kwd><kwd>optical  coherence tomography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vasavada A.R., Vasavada V.A. Managing the posterior polar cataract: An update. Indian J. Ophthalmol. 2017; 65 (12 Dec.): 1350–8. http:// doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_707_17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasavada A.R., Vasavada V.A. Managing the posterior polar cataract: An update. Indian J. 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