helmholtzeyeinstituteРоссийский офтальмологический журналRussian Ophthalmological Journal2072-00762587-5760Real time Publishers10.21516/2072-0076-2020-13-3-92-96helmholtzeyeinstitute-493Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSПсихология глаукомного больногоThe psychology of a glaucoma patientГабдрахмановЛ. М.GabdrakhmanovL. M.

Ленар Маратович Габдрахманов — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-офтальмолог.

Lenar M. Gabdrakhmanov — Cand. of Med.  Sci., ophthalmologist.

158, NovoSadovaya st., Samara, 443068

82glm@rambler.ruГазизоваИ. Р.GazizovaI. R.

Ильмира Рифовна Газизова — доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделением.

Ул. Академика Павлова, д. 12, Санкт-Петербург, 197376

Ilmira R. Gazizova —Dr. of Med.  Sci., head of department.

12,  Akademika Pavlova  str., Saint Petersburg, 197376

СелезневА. В.SeleznevA. V.

Алексей Владимирович Селезнев — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры.

Шереметевский пр.,  д. 8, Иваново, 153012

Aleksei V. Seleznev — Cand. of Med.  Sci., assistant professor.

8, Sheremetevskii Pr., 153012, Ivanovo

КуроедовА. В.KuroyedovA. V.

Александр Владимирович Куроедов — доктор медицинских наук, начальник отделения, профессор кафедры офтальмологии.

107014, Москва, ул. Большая; ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва, 117997

Alexander V. Kuroyedov — Dr.  of Med.  Sci.,  head  of department, ophthalmology chair professor.

1, Ostrovitianov st., Moscow, 117997; 8а, Bol’shaya  Olen’ya  st., Moscow,107014

ЛовпачеДж. Н.LovpacheD. N.

Джамиля Нурийдиновна Ловпаче — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-эксперт.

Ул. Бориса Галушкина, д. 3, Москва, 129301

Dzhamilja N. Lovpache — Cand. of Med.  Sci., ophthalmologist, expert.

3, Borisa Galushkina st., 129301, Moscow

ГаджиевА. М.GadzhievА. I.

Абдулла Магомедович Гаджиев — врач-офтальмолог.

Колтушское шоссе, д. 20, Всеволожск, 188643

Abdulla M. Gadzhiev — ophthalmologist.

20,  Koltushskoe  shosse, Vsevolozhsk, 188643

ГБУЗ СОКОБ им. Т.И. ЕрошевскогоРоссияEroshevsky Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmologic HospitalRussian FederationФГБНУ ИЭМ, РАНРоссияInstitute of Experimental MedicineRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «ИвГМА» Минздрава РоссииРоссияState Medical AcademyRussian FederationФКУ «ЦВКГ им. П.В. Мандрыка» Минобороны; ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияMandryka Central Clinical Hospital; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationТри-З-МСК, ОООРоссияTri-Z-MSK, LLCRussian FederationГБУЗ ЛО Всеволожская КМБРоссияVsevolozhsk Clinical Interdistrict HospitalRussian Federation2020150920201339296Copyright © Габдрахманов Л.М., Газизова И.Р., Селезнев А.В., Куроедов А.В., Ловпаче Д.Н., Гаджиев А.М., 20202020Габдрахманов Л.М., Газизова И.Р., Селезнев А.В., Куроедов А.В., Ловпаче Д.Н., Гаджиев А.М.Gabdrakhmanov L.M., Gazizova I.R., Seleznev A.V., Kuroyedov A.V., Lovpache D.N., Gadzhiev А.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/493

Современные  многоцентровые  исследования  психологических особенностей  пациентов с глаукомой свидетельствуют о наличии  физиологических и психологических проблем, связанных  с этим заболеванием. Высокий уровень тревоги обуславливает клинически значимое повышение внутриглазного давления.  Частота  депрессии и тревоги у пожилых людей с нарушениями зрения в два раза выше, чем у пожилых людей в целом. Дефицит поля зрения оказывает более неблагоприятное влияние на качество жизни пациентов с глаукомой, чем даже ухудшение  остроты зрения, особенно при локализации дефекта поля зрения в нижней полусфере. Несоблюдение назначенного гипотензивного режима может быть вызвано неверием пациентов в благополучный исход заболевания, низким  уровнем доверия к врачу, низким  уровнем образования и низким  ежемесячным доходом пациента, наличием побочных эффектов местной гипотензивной терапии, типом применяемых  препаратов и их количеством.

Modern multicenter studies of psychological features proper to glaucoma patients reveal the presence of physiological and psychological issues associated with the condition. A high level of anxiety causes a clinically significant increase of intraocular pressure. The incidence of depression and anxiety in older people with visual impairments is twice as high as in older people in general. Damaged visual field has an even more adverse effect on the quality of life than deterioration in visual acuity,  especially when the visual field defect is localized in the lower hemisphere. The failure to comply with the prescribed antihypertensive regimen may be due to patients' disbelief in a successful outcome of the disease, a low level of trust towards the doctor, poor education,  low monthly income, side effects of local antihypertensive  therapy, the type of drugs used and their amount. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.