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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">helmholtzeyeinstitute</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский офтальмологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Ophthalmological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5760</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Real time Publishers</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21516/2072-0076-2021-14-3-120-123</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">helmholtzeyeinstitute-731</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гендерные различия при глаукоме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gender differences in glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6859-8040</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубашева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubasheva</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> врач-офтальмолог </p><p>ул. Б. Пироговская, д. 15/18, стр. 1, Москва, 119021, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> ophthalmologist</p><p> 15/18, Bldg.1, B.Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119021, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">szubasheva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4611-9931</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газизова</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazizova</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д-р мед. наук, ученый секретарь, заведующая отделением офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Академика Павлова, д. 9, Санкт-Петербург, 197376, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. of Med. Sci., scientific secretary, head of ophthalmological department</p><p> 12, Acad. Pavlova St., St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4583-6050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селезнев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seleznev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>просп. Шереметьевский, д. 8, Иваново, 153012, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Cand. of Med. Sci., assistant professor, chair of ophthalmology</p><p> 8, Sheremetyevsky Ave, Ivanovo, 153012, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4290-9952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ражко</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razhko</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры офтальмологии </p><p> ул. Ильича, д. 290, г. Гомель, 246040, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Cand. of Med. Sci., assistant professor, chair of ophthalmology</p><p>290, Ilyicha St., Gomel, 246040, Belarus </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5597-983X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брежнев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brezhnev</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>  канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры офтальмологии </p><p>ул. Карла Маркса, д. 3, Курск, 305041, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Cand. of Med. Sci., assistant professor, chair of ophthalmology</p><p>3, Karl Marx St., Kursk 305041, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9606-0566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куроедов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuroyedov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д-р мед. наук, начальник отделения, профессор кафедры </p><p>ул. Б. Оленья, д. 8а, Москва, 107014, Россия</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва, 117997, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. of Med. Sci., head of ophthalmological department, professor, chair of ophthalmology</p><p>8A, Bolshaya Olen’ya St., 107014, Moscow, Russia</p><p>1, Ostrovityanova St., 117997, Moscow, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «9-й Лечебно-диагностический центр» МО РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Treatment and Diagnostic Center No 9, Ministry of Defence</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГУН «Институт мозга человека им. Н.П. Бехтеревой» РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of the Human Brain, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ivanovo State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины и экологии человека»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Scientific Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kursk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУ «Центральный военный клинический госпиталь им. П.В. Мандрыка» Минобороны России;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава&#13;
России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mandryka Central Clinical Hospital;&#13;
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>123</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зубашева С.А., Газизова И.Р., Селезнев А.В., Ражко Ю.И., Брежнев А.Ю., Куроедов А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зубашева С.А., Газизова И.Р., Селезнев А.В., Ражко Ю.И., Брежнев А.Ю., Куроедов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zubasheva S.A., Gazizova I.R., Seleznev A.V., Razhko Y.I., Brezhnev A.Y., Kuroyedov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/731">https://roj.igb.ru/jour/article/view/731</self-uri><abstract><p> В обзоре проанализированы данные современной литературы о взаимосвязи пола и заболеваемости  глаукомой, дана оценка демографических и поведенческих факторов, которые могут способствовать формированию  гендерных различий в развитии и прогрессировании глаукомы. В ходе многочисленных исследований выявлены потенциальные риски развития глаукомного поражения, основными из них являются возраст, пол и раса.  Распространенность глаукомы в мире среди людей в возрасте от 40 до 80 лет выше, чем в других возрастных группах, прогнозируется ее дальнейший  рост. Женщины чаще страдают закрытоугольной глаукомой, в  то время как первичная открытоугольная глаукома чаще  встречается у мужчин. Дальнейшие генетические исследования этого заболевания позволят лучше понять лежащие в его  основе патологические механизмы, которые могут стать основой для терапевтических подходов в будущем. Лица с  наибольшим риском развития глаукомы должны быть вовремя обследованы офтальмологом для раннего обнаружения и  профилактики прогрессирования заболевания. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> The review analyzes current literature data on the relationship between gender and glaucoma incidence, and assesses the demographic and behavioral factors that may contribute to gender differences. Potential risks for the development and progression of glaucoma in men and women have been identified in numerous studies, the main ones being age, gender, and race. The prevalence of glaucoma in the world among people aged 40 to 80 years is higher than in other age groups and will grow steadily. Women are more likely to suffer from closed-angle glaucoma, while primary open-angle glaucoma is more common in men. Further genetic studies of this disease will provide a better understanding of the underlying pathomorphic  mechanisms and may improve therapeutic approaches in the future.  Individuals with the highest risk of developing glaucoma should be checked by an ophthalmologist in time for early detection and slowing the  progression of the disease. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пол</kwd><kwd>глаукома</kwd><kwd>внутриглазное давление</kwd><kwd>первичная открытоугольная глаукома</kwd><kwd>возраст начала заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gender</kwd><kwd>glaucoma</kwd><kwd>intraocular pressure</kwd><kwd>gender differences</kwd><kwd>primary open-angle glaucoma</kwd><kwd>age of disease onset</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tham Y.-C., Li X., Wong T.Y., et al. 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