Tear fluid as a source of biomarkers for glaucoma
https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2025-18-1-163-170
Abstract
Review presents the analysis of literature data about metabolic changes in tear fluid (TF) of patients with glaucoma. Data for mass-spectrometry of TF proteome, cytokine profile, neurotrophic factors, proteinases and their inhibitors, extracellular vesicles, miRNA, catecholamines, endothelins are presented. Changes of some of these metabolic parameters outpace clinical manifestation of glaucoma and thus may have prognostic value. TF composition vary depending on the glaucoma stage. The anti-glaucomatous therapy also has influence on the TF composition due to the preservatives in the hypotensive formulations and drug substances themselves via different pathways. TF analyses can be used for the personal therapy adjustment. Data concerning the difference of TF composition in primary open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma confirm the difference of their pathogenesis. Pseudoexfoliative syndrome with glaucoma and without one are also characterized by different alternations in TF. The data presented confirm the diagnostic value of TF as a source of biomarkers for the prognosis of glaucoma development and for the personal therapy adjustment.
About the Authors
N. B. Chesnokova
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalya B. Chesnokova — Dr. of Biol. Sci., professor, principal researcher, department of pathophysiology and biochemistry.
14/19, Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
T. A. Pavlenko
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatyana A. Pavlenko — Cand. of Med. Sci., head of the department of patophysiology and biochemistry.
14/19, Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
O. V. Beznos
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga V. Beznos — physician, department of patophysiology and biochemistry.
14/19, Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
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Chesnokova N.B., Pavlenko T.A., Beznos O.V. Tear fluid as a source of biomarkers for glaucoma. Russian Ophthalmological Journal. 2025;18(1):163-170. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2025-18-1-163-170
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