Modern methods of eliminating conjunctival defects
https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2025-18-2-168-172
Abstract
The conjunctiva is a thin mucous, richly vascularized tissue lining the inner surface of the eyelids and the eyeball to the limbus and forming the space between the eyelids and the eyeball — the conjunctival sac. Performing important physiological functions, the conjunctiva is a structure necessary for maintaining the normal anatomy and physiology of the eye. Conjunctival damage due to the impact of various factors can lead to the occurrence of significant functional disorders of the eye, which must be eliminated exclusively by surgery. Surgical treatment of conditions accompanied by conjunctival deficiency is currently considered one of the urgent and difficult tasks of ophthalmic surgery. There are many treatment tactics and modifications of operations to eliminate conjunctival defects, as well as local and total symblepharon, which are united by the need to use various replacement materials after moving the patient's own tissues. At the same time, the requirements for replacement tissues are quite high: they must be clinically compatible with the body's tissues, have the necessary elasticity, and be accessible for surgical transplantation. The ideal approach is to use one's own conjunctiva, but, unfortunately, it is not always feasible. The review presents experimental and clinical results of using modern surgical tactics: transplantation of autologous and allogeneic conjunctiva, oral mucosa, amniotic membrane, Alloplant biomaterial, autologous cultured epithelial cells of the oral mucosa.
About the Authors
I. A. Filatova
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina A. Filatova — Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, head of the department of plastic surgery and ocular prosthetics, principal researcher.
14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
S. A. Shemetov
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey A. Shemetov — Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher of the department of plastic surgery and ocular prosthetics.
14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
O. V. Sokolova
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olesya V. Sokolova — PhD student of the department of plastic surgery and ocular prosthetics.
14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
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Review
For citations:
Filatova I.A., Shemetov S.A., Sokolova O.V. Modern methods of eliminating conjunctival defects. Russian Ophthalmological Journal. 2025;18(2):168-172. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2025-18-2-168-172
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