Congenital ocular manifestations in children born to mothers who had COVID-19 coronavirus infection during pregnancy. Clinical cases
https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-2-140-145
Abstract
Preliminary data show that the incidence of eye damage in COVID-19 reaches 32%, with a diverse range of clinical manifestations. Both the anterior segment of the eye (conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis) and the posterior segment (retinal vascular thrombosis, neuritis, neuroretinitis) can be affected. The infection in children is diagnosed much less frequently than in adults, so ophthalmic manifestations have hardly ever been studied.
Purpose: to present cases of congenital eye lesions in children born to mothers who had COVID-19 during pregnancy.
Material. We present 4 clinical cases of ocular manifestations in newborns born to such mothers.
Results. 4 variants of congenital ocular manifestations are reported. Clinical manifestations are listed, and treatment tactics for such patients is proposed.
Conclusion. In order to timely diagnose, and choose the optimal treatment tactics of such conditions, thorough collection of case history and the ophthalmologists’ awareness of ocular symptoms of COVID-19 manifestations is essential.
About the Authors
A. V. PleskovaRussian Federation
Alla V. Pleskova, Dr. of Med. Sci., senior researcher, department of children’s eye pathology,
14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
I. R. Mamakaeva
Russian Federation
Indira R. Mamakaeva, Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher, department of children’s eye pathology,
14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
L. A. Katargina
Russian Federation
Lyudmila A. Katargina, Dr. of Med. Sci., professor, head of the department of children’s eye pathology, deputy director,
14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
A. Yu. Panova
Russian Federation
Anna Yu. Panova, Cand. of Med. Sci., junior researcher, department of children’s eye pathology,
14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
K. V. Lugovkina
Russian Federation
Ksenia V. Lugovkina, Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher, ultrasound diagnostic department,
14/19, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062
References
1. Abrishami M, Tohidinezhad F, Daneshvar R, et al. Ocular manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Northeast of Iran. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020; 28 (5): 739–44. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2020.1773868
2. Casalino G, Monaco G, Di Sarro PP, David A, Scialdone A. Coronavirus disease 2019 presenting with conjunctivitis as the first symptom. Eye (Lond). 2020; 34 (7): 1235–6. doi: 10.1038/s41433-020-0909-x
3. Chen L, Deng C, Chen X, et al. Ocular manifestations and clinical characteristics of 535 cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional study. Acta Ophthalmol. 2020; 98 (8): e951-9. doi: 10.1111/aos.14472
4. Guemes-Villahoz N, Burgos-Blasco B, Arribi-Vilela A, et al. Detecting SARSCoV-2 RNA in conjunctival secretions: Is it a valuable diagnostic method of COVID-19? J Med Virol. 2021; 93 (1): 383–8. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26219
5. Khavandi S, Tabibzadeh E, Naderan M, Shoar S. Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) presenting as conjunctivitis: atypically high risk during a pandemic. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2020; 43 (3): 211–2. doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2020.04.010
6. Mahmoud H, Ammar H, El Rashidy A, et al. Assessment of coronavirus in the conjunctival tears and secretions in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Sohag Province, Egypt. Clin Ophthalmol. 2020; 14: 2701–8. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S270006
7. Marquezan MC, Marquezam JP, Nascimento H, et al. Conjunctivitis related to not severe COVID-19: A case report. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021; 29 (4): 1–3. doi:0.1080/09273948.2020.1837186
8. Maychuk D.Yu., Atlas S.N., Loshkareva A.O. Ocular manifestations of coronavirus infection COVID-19 (clinical observation). Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2020; 136 (4): 118–23 (In Russ.). doi: 10.17116/oftalma2020136041118
9. Meduri A, Oliverio GW, Mancuso G, et al. Ocular surface manifestation of COVID-19 and tear film analysis. Sci Rep. 2020; 10 (1): 20178. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77194-9
10. Ozturker ZK. Conjunctivitis as sole symptom of COVID-19: A case report and review of literature. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2021; 31 (2): NP161-NP166. doi: 10.1177/1120672120946287
11. Scalinci SZ, Trovato Battagliola E. Conjunctivitis can be the only presenting sign and symptom of COVID-19. ID Cases. 2020; 20: e00774. doi: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00774
12. Sindhuja K, Lomi N, Asif MI, Tandon R. Clinical profile and prevalence of conjunctivitis in mild COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care COVID-19 hospital: A retrospective cross-sectional study. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2020; 68 (8): 1546–50. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1319_20 16
13. Sirakaya E, Sahiner M, Aslan Sirakaya H. A Patient with bilateral conjunctivitis positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a conjunctival sample. Cornea. 2021; 40 (3): 383–6. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002485
14. Wu P, Duan F, Luo C, et al. Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2020; 138 (5): 575–8. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.1291
15. Xia J, Tong J, Liu M, et al. Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Med Virol. 2020. 92 (6): 589–94. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25725
16. Zhou Y, Duan C, Zeng Y, et al. Ocular findings and proportion with conjunctival SARS-COV-2 in COVID-19 patients. Ophthalmology. 2020; 127 (7): 982–3. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.04.028
17. Cheema M, Aghazadeh H, Nazarali S, et al. Keratoconjunctivitis as the initial medical presentation of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Can J Ophthalmol. 2020; 55 (4): e125-e129. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.03.003
18. Guo D, Xia J, Wang Y, et al. Relapsing viral keratoconjunctivitis in COVID-19: a case report. Virol J. 2020; 17 (1): 97. doi: 10.1186/s12985-020-01370-6
19. Mendez Mangana C, Barraquer Kargacin A, Barraquer R. Episcleritis as an ocular manifestation in a patient with COVID-19. Acta Ophthalmol. 2020; 98 (8): e1056-e1057. doi: 10.1111/aos.14484
20. Otaif W, Al Somali AI, Al Habash A. Episcleritis as a possible presenting sign of the novel coronavirus disease: A case report. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2020; 20: 100917. doi: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100917
21. Gonzalez-Lopez JJ, Felix Espinar B, Ye-Zhu C. Symptomatic Retinal Microangiophaty in a Patient with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Single Case Report. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020; 29 (4): 1–3. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2020.1852260
22. Invernizzi A, Torre A, Parrulli S, et al. Retinal findings in patients with COVID-19: Results from the SERPICO-19 study. EClinicalMedicine. 2020; 27: 100550. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100550
23. Landecho MF, Yuste JR, Gandara E, et al. COVID-19 retinal microangiopathy as an in vivo biomarker of systemic vascular disease? J Intern Med. 2021; 289 (1): 116–20. doi: 10.1111/joim.13156
24. Lani-Louzada R, Ramos C, Cordeiro RM, Sadun AA. Retinal changes in COVID-19 hospitalized cases. PLoS One. 2020; 15 (12): e0243346. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243346
25. Marinho PM, Marcos AAA, Romano AC, et al. Retinal findings in patients with COVID-19. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10237): 1610. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31014-X
26. Gaba WH, Ahmed D, Al Nuaimi RK, Dhanhani AA, Eatamadi H. Bilateral central retinal vein occlusion in a 40-year-old man with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia. Am J Case Rep. 2020 Oct 29; 21:e927691. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.927691
27. Invernizzi A, Pellegrini M, Messenio D, et al. Impending central retinal vein occlusion in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020; 28 (8): 1290–92. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2020.1807023
28. Raval N, Djougarian A, Lin J. Central retinal vein occlusion in the setting of COVID-19 infection. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2021; 11 (1): 10. doi: 10.1186/s12348-021-00241-7
29. Sheth JU, Narayanan R, Goyal J, Goyal V. Retinal vein occlusion in COVID-19: A novel entity. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2020; 68 (10): 2291–3. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2380_20 33
30. Yahalomi T, Pikkel J, Arnon R, Pessach Y. Central retinal vein occlusion in a young healthy COVID-19 patient: A case report. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2020; 20: 100992. doi: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100992
31. Acharya S, Diamond M, Anwar S, Glaser A, Tyagi P. Unique case of central retinal artery occlusion secondary to COVID-19 disease. IDCases. 2020; 21: e00867. doi: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00867
32. Martinez Diaz M, Copete Piqueras S, Blanco Marchite C, Vahdani K. Acute dacryoadenitis in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Orbit. 2022; 41 (3): 374–7. doi: 10.1080/01676830.2020.1867193
33. Ludvigsson JF. Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Acta Paediatr. 2020; 109 (6): 1088–95. doi: 10.1111/apa.15270
34. Chiotos K, Bassiri H, Behrens EM, et al. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic: A case series. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2020; 9 (3): 393–8. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piaa069
35. Riphagen S, Gomez X, Gonzalez-Martinez C, et al. Hyper inflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10237): 1607–8. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31094-1
36. Ma N, Li P, Wang X, et al. Ocular manifestations and clinical characteristics of children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2020; 138 (10): 10791086. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.3690
Review
For citations:
Pleskova A.V., Mamakaeva I.R., Katargina L.A., Panova A.Yu., Lugovkina K.V. Congenital ocular manifestations in children born to mothers who had COVID-19 coronavirus infection during pregnancy. Clinical cases. Russian Ophthalmological Journal. 2023;16(2):140-145. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-2-140-145