Виртуальная реальность в зрительной реабилитации

В обзоре обсуждается текущее состояние и перспективы применения технологий виртуальной реальности (VR) в стратегиях зрительной реабилитации, основанных на активации нейропластичности. Тренировки зрения в VR имеют ряд преимуществ перед традиционными реабилитационными мероприятиями. VR-занятия в игровом формате увлекают и мотивируют пользователя к активному участию в терапии и соблюдению им плана лечения, проводятся в безопасной и контролируемой среде. В VR-системах имеется возможность создавать индивидуальные программы лечения, адаптированные к конкретным потребностям и способностям каждого пациента. Системы VR только начинают применяться для реабилитации слабовидящих и показывают в целом многообещающие результаты. Однако требуется более тщательная оценка результатов и дополнительные исследования для преодоления таких ограничений, как небольшой размер выборки и отсутствие контрольных групп. Необходимо привлечение объективных способов диагностики для создания доказательной базы на высоком методическом уровне. Представляется перспективным расширение возможностей VR-технологий для зрительной реабилитации пациентов с ретинальной патологией разной этиологии за счет совмещения зрительных тренировок в виртуальном мире с ритмической фотостимуляцией с оптимальными параметрами оптических сигналов.

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