THE IMPACT OF RISK FACTORS AND INSULIN ADMININSTRATION METHOD ON THE CONDITION OF THE RETINA IN CHILDREN WITH TYPE I DIABETES MELLITUS

Purpose: to assess the impact of risk factors and the method of insulin administration on the retina of children with type 1 diabetes. Materials and methods. 221 children with type I diabetes aged 2 to 17 (mean age 11 ± 3.9 years) were followed up retrospectively. They had diabetes for 1 to 15 years (4.4 ± 3.3 years on average). The average level of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c was 7.8 ± 1.9 %. Different groups of patients were formed to assess the impact of the specific factors on the status of the retina. Results. In the group of patients who had type I diabetes for no more than 5 years, 8 cases (6 %) of diabetic retinal lesion were detected. The group with the 5 to 10 years duration of the condition revealed 13 cases (17.8 %), whilst the group of diabetes lasting 10 years or more revealed 3 cases (21.4 %). The distribution of retinal lesions in groups depending to the degree of diabetes compensation was as follows: compensated diabetes yielded 4 cases (4.8 %), subcompensated diabetes, 9 cases (10.1 %), and decompensated diabetes, 11 cases (22.9 %). The group of children who received insulin through the insulin pump yielded a single case (2.6 %), of a diabetic disease of the retina. The group who were given multiple subcutaneous injections of insulin and resorted to regular self-control yielded 12 (9.8 %) cases, while the group who used multiple subcutaneous injections of insulin but resorted to irregular self-control revealed 11 (18.3 %) cases. Conclusion. With the growing duration of diabetes mellitus as the main disease, the incidence of diabetic retinal damage increases (p < 0.05). A statistically significant relationship was found between the degree of compensation for type I diabetes mellitus and the development of retinal complications (p < 0.01). The use of a metering pump and regular self-control of the parameters help avoid the emergence and progression of diabetic retinal lesions in children with type I diabetes (p < 0.05). For citation: Samoylov A.N., Khaibrakhmanov T.R., Fazleeva G.A., Samoylova P.A., Fazleeva M.A. The impact of risk factors and insulin admininstration method on the condition of the retina in children with type I diabetes mellitus. Russian ophthalmological journal. 2018; 11 (3): 25-9 (In Russian). doi: 10.21516/2072-0076-2018-11-3-25-29

сахарный диабет, диабетическая ретинопатия, гипергликемия, инсулинотерапия, инсулиновая помпа, diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, hyperglycemia, insulin therapy, insulin pump

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