Начальная меланома хориоидеи и псевдомеланомы: методы дифференциальной диагностики. Часть 1. Офтальмоскопия

Меланома хориоидеи (МХ) — злокачественная опухоль, склонная к раннему метастазированию. Ее клиническая картина полиморфна, вследствие чего она может симулировать множество заболеваний глазного дна, названных в литературе «псевдомеланомами». К ним относятся: невус хориоидеи, отграниченная гемангиома хориоидеи, меланоцитомы, метастатическая карцинома хориоидеи, врожденная гипертрофия ретинального пигментного эпителия, поздняя стадия возрастной макулярной дегенерации, очаговые ретинохориоидиты, организованное субретинальное кровоизлияние, гемангиомы сетчатки. Однако работы, посвященные сравнению клинических признаков всех перечисленных псевдомеланом с начальной МХ, малочисленны. В данной части обзора приведено описание офтальмоскопической картины начальной МХ и псевдомеланом.

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